Quantification and Costing - TO COMPLETE Flashcards
Why did you choose a Schedule of Works?
1) Works are of a relatively simple nature and we dont require the level of detail when it comes to valuing change
2) Client also didn’t want to take the risk of quantities being incorrect and as such passed that back to the contractor
3) M&E didn’t lend itself to BoQ as they were reliant on design and coordination by contractor
4) Allow the contractors to cost using past experience and achieve competitive market rates.
What are the disadvantages of using a BoQ for the client?
Client takes risk if wrong
NRM1
Order of cost estimating and cost planning for capital building works
NRM2
Detailed measurement for building works
NRM3
Order of cost estimating and cost planning for building maintenance works
Types of pricing documents available
- BoQ
- Schedule of Rates
- Schedule of Works
- Contract Sum Analysis
Bill of Quantities
- Issued to tenderers to prepare a price for carrying out the works
- Assists tenderers as they all price same quants he bill of quantities
- Provides fair accurate system
What are the steps you would take to create a BoQ?
- Can be prepared elemtally or in works packages
- Using a standard form (NRM2)
- Once you have design drawings and spec you can measure and take off.
+/- of BoQ
- Simplifies tender analysis
- Saves the cost and time of contractors measuring
- Better for interim valuations and variations
- Client takes risk if wrong
- Takes longer to produce and more costly
Schedule of Rates
- List setting out staff, labour and plant hire rates that contractor will use for pricing the works
- Does not contain quants for the work items and is typically used when nature of work required is known but cannot be quantified or continuity of programme cannot be determined
+/- of SoR
- Variations easier to estimate and normally cheaper than fixed price traditional contracts
- Client can stop start work at a pace determined by cashflow
- Inexpensive and quick to tender for contractors
- Additional resource required to measure work
- Client does not have final price when committing
- Contractors may be tempted to front load
Schedule of work
- Lists the works required on a project
- References the requirements included in the specifications and contract drawings plus any additional ‘builders work’ items
Contract sum analysis and disadvantages
Mainly used in D&B, less detail than SoW
- Alternative pricing document
- It’s often prepared in a standard format by the Employers Agent to support the tender returns review. The Employers Agent requests that all tenders are returned on the same CSA format.
- Less detailed (one item vs multiple in SoW)
- Not suitable for valuations
NRM Sections
Facilitating
Substructure
Superstructure
Internal Finishes
FFE
Services
Pre Fab Building units
Work to existing buildings
Prelims
OH+P
Alternative to NRM
SMM7 can be used, although not RICS best practice.
How do you measure formwork
Caluclate length, depth and width for volume.
What is wall to floor ratio?
Ratio of wall area to floor area, shows cost efficiency of building. Lower the ratio the cheaper the building as there is less external wall per m2
What is a composite rate
A rate including varying elements. Such as removal of exisitng prep and apply new floor.