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Fundamentals of Nursing > Quality, Safety, and Hygiene > Flashcards

Quality, Safety, and Hygiene Flashcards

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1
Q

What are physical restraints ?

A

any manual method, physical or mechanical device, or material or equipment that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a patient to move his or her arms, legs or head freely

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2
Q

What are chemical restraints ?

A

medications used to manage a patient’s behavior that are not a standard treatment for their condition
- last ditch effort

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3
Q

What are barrier restraints ?

A

barriers that limit movement

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4
Q

What are seclusions restraints ?

A

placing the client by themselves to prevent harm to self or others

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5
Q

What are restraint alternatives ?

A

devices or techniques employed to avoid the use of restraints

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6
Q

Can nurses order restraints ?

A

no, we have to have a order from a physician
- in emergency situations you can apply restraints without a order but within 1 hr you need to get a order

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7
Q

What must be done for restraints to be ordered ?

A
  • has to be clinically justified
  • based on face-to-face assessment
  • current
  • detailed (specific restraint, duration, circumstances)
  • ensure 2 fingers fit under restraints
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8
Q

What are examples of restraint alternatives ?

A
  • have a sitter
  • distraction
  • orient to space/explain procedures
  • promote sleep and relaxation
  • keep close to nurse’s station
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9
Q

What are examples of less restrictive physical restraints ?

A
  • self release lap belt
  • posey bed
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10
Q

What are examples of more restrictive physical restraints ?

A
  • lap belt patient cannot release
  • soft wrist restraints
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11
Q

Where should restraints be tied to on the bed ?

A

on a firm area of the bed that can’t be moved
- not on a side rail
- should have a quick-release safety knot

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12
Q

What are criteria to discontinue restraints ?

A
  • able to follow directions
  • able to participate in care
  • able to participate in program
  • behavior improves/changes
  • lines tubes discontinued
  • positive response to medication intervention
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13
Q

How often do you document about the use of restraints ?

A

every 2 hrs (depends of facility)

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14
Q

What is the fire emergency response instructions to follow ?

A

RACE
- rescue
- alarm
- contain
- extinguish

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15
Q

What are the purposes of bathing ?

A
  • cleansing the skin
  • stimulation of circulation
  • improve self-image
  • reduction of body odors
  • promotion or range of motion
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16
Q

Is hygiene the same for everyone ?

A

it’s never routine

17
Q

In what direction do we stroke for bathing ?

A

distal to proximal strokes
- promotes venous return

18
Q

What is the order of body parts when bathing ?

A
  1. face (start w/ eyes)
  2. arms from distal to proximal
  3. hands/fingers
  4. chest/abdomen
  5. legs from distal to proximal
  6. feet/toes
  7. perineal care
  8. back
  9. buttocks
19
Q

What is important about brushing teeth with an unconscious patient ?

A

position the pt lateral or side-laying with head to the side
- lets secretions pool at the side or come out of the mouth and not the throat
- place bulb syringe or suction machine equipment nearby
- protect the airway

20
Q

Is a controlled fall still considered an adverse event ?

A

yes

21
Q

What are Hospital Acquired Conditions/infections ?

A

conditions/infections acquired during the patient’s hospital stay

22
Q

What are some examples of hospital acquired conditions/infections ?

A
  • air embolism
  • blood incompatibility
  • falls/trauma
  • CAUTI (catheter associated urinary tract infections)
  • CLABSI (central line-associated bloodstream infections)
  • surgical site infections (SSI)
23
Q

What is an adverse effect ?

A

situation or circumstance that causes unexpected harm to the client

24
Q

What are some factors that contribute to falls ?

A
  • sleep deprivation
  • new environment
  • changes in medication
  • decreased strength
  • previous history of falls
  • staffing levels
  • bathroom frequency
25
Q

What are some fall prevention methods ?

A
  • gait belts
  • wrist-bands/socks
  • rounding
  • bed low/wheels locked
  • assess environment
  • assess condition/correct use of ambulatory aids
26
Q

When cleaning dentures what should you do to ensure you don’t damage them ?

A
  • place a towel at the bottom of the sink in case you drop them so they won’t break
  • clean with special toothpaste if pt wants to
27
Q

When changing linen what should you take into consideration ?

A
  • only use what you need
  • avoid shaking used linen
  • keep used linen away from your uniform
  • do not place linens on the floor
  • dispose of used linen in the appropriate receptacle
28
Q

What is a complete bed bath ?

A

for pt’s that who are unable to ambulate themselves or bathe themselves

29
Q

Why is CHG used when bathing ?

A

decreases the risk of infections in the hospital

30
Q

Why are wash basins not recommended to use ?

A
  • easily transfer pathogens
31
Q

Why do we not use soap and water when bathing patients ?

A

can lead to skin deterioration

32
Q

In female patients why do we want to wash from anterior to posterior (front to back) ?

A

to decrease risk of urinary tract infection

Fundamentals of Nursing (14 decks)

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