Qualitative analysis - AS

Question 1

test for carbonate

Answer 1

add dilute HCL
If carbonates are present then CO2 and H2O will be released
Test for CO2 using limewater (CO2 turns limewater cloudy)

Question 2

test for sulfate

Answer 2

add dilute HCL, then barium chloride solution.
if white ppt is present, barium sulfate is formed, thus sulfate is present

Question 3

test for halides

Answer 3

add nitric acid, then add silver nitrate solution
silver chloride = white ppt
silver bromide = cream ppt
silver iodide = yellow ppt

Question 4

test for ammonium compounds

Answer 4

add sodium hydroxide
put damp red litmus paper in
warm the mixture and if litmus turns blue, NH4+ present

Question 5

order for tests

Answer 5

1. carbonate test (no CO2)
2. sulfate test (no precip)
3. halide test