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History Patterns - Final > Qin & WuDi > Flashcards

Qin & WuDi Flashcards

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1
Q

How did Qin rise to power?

Where did the Qin come from?

A

–Located on China’s western frontier

–Conquered other states in military campaigns

–Last rival state fell, 221 BC

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2
Q

What did the Qin do to China?

A

Qin unified Chinese empire

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3
Q

Who was the first emperor of China?

A

•First ruler of new empire took title Shi Huangdi (Sheewangdee), “first emperor”

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4
Q

What did Shi Huangdi establish?

What was its teaching?

A
  • Founded school of Legalism
  • Taught that powerful, efficient government key to maintaining order
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5
Q

What did Legalists reject?

A

Rejection of Confucianism

•Legalists rejected philosophy developed during Zhou dynasty

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6
Q

How were Legalists different from Confucianism?

A
  • Confucianists thought rulers should be virtuous, lead by example
  • Legalists said rulers should be strong, govern through force
  • Supported strict laws, stressed harsh punishment for even minor crimes
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7
Q

What kind of government did Qin believe in?

A

Strong, Centralized Government

Had to Maintain Order

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8
Q

How did Shi Huangdi establish a strong centralized government?

Describe 4 things

A
  • Shi Huangdi weakened rival nobles by taking land
  • Forced nobles to move to capital so he could watch them
  • Seized all private arms to prevent rebellions
  • Divided China into 36 districts, appointed loyalists to govern them
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9
Q

How did Shi Huangdi maintain order?

A
  • Shi Huangdi suppressed all criticism of his rule
  • Ordered burning of books which conflicted with Legalist thinking
  • Only books on practical subjects like agriculture, medicine spared
  • Confucian scholars who discussed banned books, criticized Qin government tortured, killed
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10
Q

What were the QIN reforms?

List 3 things

A
  1. Unified, strengthened China
  2. Standardized laws, writings, monetary systems, weights and measures
  3. Also standardized size of carts so they could fit China’s roads
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11
Q

What were the building projects?

List 3 major projects

A
  1. Improved irrigation system and increased farm production
  2. Expanded roads and canals to link capital to other parts of empire
  3. Improved transportation, increased trade, heavy taxes
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12
Q

What did QIN do to protect China?

What did it build?

A

•Worked to protect empire from outside threats

•Great Wall of China

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13
Q

What led to fall of the QIN?

A
  • Dynasty’s policies fueled anger, resentment
  • Qin dynasty crumbled after Shi Huangdi died, 210 BC

–Peasants fed up with forced labor, high taxes, rebelled

–Nobles eager to regain land, power, raised armies against new emperor

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14
Q

What did Emperor WUDI do for China?

A
  • Promoted economic growth
  • New roads, canals made it easier to get products to market
  • Monopolies on some products; limits on merchants to limit power, wealth
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15
Q

What was the government philosophy during reign of Emperor Wudi?

A

•Wudi wanted officials to hold Confucian values

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16
Q

What was developed to ensure Confucianism?

Who controlled the government?

A
  • Developed civil service system
  • Candidates had to pass exam in Confucian classics to work for government
  • Wealthy families continued to control government
17
Q

What was the biggest threat to Wudi’s security?

A
  • Biggest threat to Wudi’s security was Xiongnu tribe
  • Excellent horse skills, fierce warriors who lived in northern China
18
Q

How did Wudi expand China?

A
  • Wudi expanded empire through warfare
  • Began to use force against Xiongnu tribes, 133 BC
  • Formed alliances with Xiongnu enemies
19
Q

Where did Wudi expand the Chinese empire?

A

•Colonized parts of Korea, Manchuria, Vietnam; extended control into Central Asia & west

20
Q

What started to lead to decline of Han dynasty?

A
  • Brief crisis AD 9 when rebel Wang Mang seized throne
  • Han regained control, AD 25, start of Later Han dynasty
  • high taxes crushing poor
21
Q

What happened to the empire as Han dynasty declined?

A
  • Yellow Turbans revolts AD 184
  • Threw empire into chaos
  • Power shifted to local warlords

•Warfare tore region apart

•China began period of division which lasted 350 years

History Patterns - Final (11 decks)

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