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PHM Boards > QI > Flashcards

QI Flashcards

1
Q

Level of evidence

A

Systems
Summaries
Synthesis
Studies

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2
Q

Base rate effect

A

Look for more exotic diseases and ignore more common

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3
Q

Framing effect

A

Patient comes up “packaged” from the ED and it is not questioned further

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3
Q

Framing effect

A

Patient comes up “packaged” from the ED and it is not questioned further

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4
Q

Transformative learning theory

A

uses critical reflection to challenge a learner’s belief

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5
Q

Cogntive learning theory

A

focused on the mental aspect of learning

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6
Q

Clinical Learning Environemnt

A

Safety
Supervision
Well being
Teaming
Health care quality

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7
Q

Belmont research 3 tenets

What added later

A

Respect/autonomy
Beneficience
Justice

Nonmalecience

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8
Q

Relative Risk

A

Incidence of disease in exposed to risk
over incidence of disease in unexposed

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9
Q

Emmanual Principles of Allocation

A
  1. Improving health outcomes
  2. Reduce conflict of interest
  3. Patients should be informed
  4. Patients should be able to consent
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10
Q

Type I error

A

Rejecting the null hypothesis (saying there is a difference when there is not one) a false positive

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11
Q

What is a measure of chance?

A

p value < 0.05

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12
Q

Type II Error

A

Errounsaly accepting null hypothesis, saying there isn’t difference when there is one

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13
Q

Power

A

how likely you are to be right, ability of a study to detect a difference that is present

Power is 1- beta

80%

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14
Q

T test

A
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15
Q

Cohort studies- can calculate what?

A

Need large population
Prospective or retrospective observational patients when outcomes emerge

Relative Risk Risk of exposed/unexposed

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16
Q

Case control- can calculate what?

A

Have outcome, seeing what risk factors caused

Good for rare evens

Can’t do relative risk because manipulating the incidence
Odds Radio

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17
Q

T test

A

Univariate
One continous and one categorical (with only 2 values)

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18
Q

ANOVA

A

Univariate
One continous and one categorial with multiple values

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19
Q

Chi-square

A

Univariate
2 categorical variables

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20
Q

Kaplan Meier Curve and Log Rank Test

A

Univariate
Time variable and categorical

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21
Q

Linear Regression

A

Multiple variables
Continous

22
Q

Logisitic Regression

A

Mutlivariate Categorial

23
Q

Cox proprotional

A

Time, surivial curge

24
Q

Ratios over 1 vs less than 1

A

> 1 more likely of outcome in exposed
<1 less likely in exposed

25
Q

What can affect internal validity

A

Bias, chance, condounder

26
Q

What can affect external validity

A

selection bias

27
Q

ROC

A

Y axis sensitivity
X axis 1- specificity
The more area under the curve the better the test because maximizing sensitivity without losing specificity

28
Q

Likelihood Ratio

A

Prest prob X LR : Post test probability

29
Q

Specificity

A

SPIN
TN/TN+FP

A positive test rules in, good for confirmation

30
Q

Sensitivity

A

SNOUT
TP/TP+FN

A negative rules out, good for screening

31
Q

PPV

A

TP/TP + FP

prevalence plays in

Likelihood a positive test has the disease

32
Q

NPV

A

TN/TN+FN
prevalence plays in

Likelihood a negative has the disease

33
Q

Pediatric Assessment Triangle

A

Appearance
WOB
Circulation

34
Q

Lewain Change Management Model

A

Unfreeeze
Change
Refreeze

35
Q

Institute of Medicine (IOM) 6 Dimensions of HealthCare

A

3 E’s
Efficient
Efffective
Equity
2 P’s
Patient safety
Patient centered
1 T
Timeliness

36
Q

Confidence Interval

A

research study represents a range of values that is likely to include the true value. Confidence intervals are typically set at 95%

37
Q

Lean Methodology

A

All about reducing waste, stream mapping, eliminating non-value added work

38
Q

Six Sigma

A

QI improve processes. keep 6SD away from failure
Define
Measure
Analyze Improve and control

39
Q

Process mapping =

A

= Flowchart
the steps to an outcome

40
Q

Cause and effect =

A

Fishbone

Looking at ALL factors thaat contribute

41
Q

Paretto

A

Which factors are most important

42
Q

Key driver

A

AIM with primary drivers and secondary drivers
Secondary drivers- what you are doing diretly
Primary drivers- people things

43
Q

Failure mode analysis

A

What can lad to failure or negatively impact study

44
Q

Scatter diagram

A

after QI can show correlation show results and

45
Q

SMART AIM

A

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time Bound

46
Q

High reliability organization

A

Functions in high complex high hazard domains for extended periods of time without serious accident or failure

47
Q

Best style for feedback

A

Instrumental

48
Q

Summartive Feedback

A

Grade evaluation

49
Q

Formative feedback

A

Improvement through out

50
Q

Team mentoring

A

Many mentors one mentee

51
Q

Assent?

A

Understanding the situation

52
Q

Implicit bias reduce

A

Partnership building
Mindfulness

53
Q

Highest level of racism

A

Structural above institutional

PHM Boards (12 decks)

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