Neurology

Question 1

Absesce Szs EEG

Answer 1

3 Hz spike and wave discharges
Can be brought on by hypervenitlation

Question 2

Absense Sz treatment

Answer 2

Ethosuximide or valproate

Question 3

Guillen Barre Syndrome- Symptoms

Answer 3

Acquired
abnormal immune response to infection, vaccine or cancer
Ascending weakneses
CN anomalies
pain possible

Question 4

Guillen Barre DX and Tx

Answer 4

CSF studies- alumbinocyologic dissociation
EMG
MRI with enhancement of spinal nerve roots

Tx; supportive care, watch resp status, IVIG

Question 5

Transverse myelitis

Answer 5

acute spinal cord dysfunction that results in weakness, sensory alterations, and autonomic dysfunction below the level of the lesion.

Can be associated with infections, autoimmune

DX MRI- swelling of cord

Question 6

Infantile Botulism- cause and symptoms

Answer 6

Caused by Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium -> neurotoxin that interferes with acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction

Symptoms: constipaion, poor feeding, drooping eyelids, respiratory distress

Descending weakness

Question 7

Infantile Botulism Dx and Tx

Answer 7

Botulism toxin in stool, serum
Tx: Immunogloblin, supprotive, antibiotics for older patients PCN or flaygl

Question 8

Botulsim vs Guillen Barre

Answer 8

Botulsim- descending paralysis
GB- ascending

Question 9

Fasciulations ->

Answer 9

Anterior Horn Cell, Spinal muscular atrophy

Question 10

Complex Febrile W/ Concerning Features

Answer 10

> 15 min, focal, 3 or more

Question 11

Complex Febrile W/o concerning features

Answer 11

2-3 szs in a day
No diastat

Question 12

PRES

Answer 12

Posterior Reversible Ecnapholopathy
HTN association with symptoms

Question 13

ADEM

Answer 13

Acute Dyemlinating Ecnpahologpathy
Post infectious/autoimmunet
Encephalopathy, neuro symptoms, transverse myelitis
MRI brain/spine lesions
CSF pleocytosis