Q2_LESSON 3_EARTH'S PROCESSES

Question 1

• Driven by internal heat of the Earth
• Radioactive decay
• Deep beneath the Earth’s surface

Example:
Deformation

Answer 1

Endogenic Process

Question 2

• Processes that originate externally to the Earth’s surface
• Under the influence of the Sun, Moon, etc

Answer 2

Exogenic Process

Question 3

Break down/ Disintegration of rocks

Answer 3

Weathering

Question 3

When rocks are exposed to heat, they [—–]
When Rocks are exposed to the cold, they [—–]

Answer 3

Expand
Contract

Question 4

What causes rocks to break

Answer 4

1. Wind
2. Water
3. Heat
4. Temperature
5. Biological activities
   - Humans
   - Animals
   - Plants

Question 5

2 Main types of Weathering

Answer 5

1. Physical/ Mechanical Weathering
2. Chemical Weathering

Question 6

2 Main types of Weathering

• Changes the Physical appearance of the rock
• Breaks into smaller pieces
• Does not change the chemical composition of the rock

Answer 6

Physical/ Mechanical Weathering

Question 7

PHYSICAL WEATHERING

When water gets inside the joints of the rock and go through alternate freezing and thawing episodes, causing the rock to open apart

Answer 7

Frost wedging

Question 8

PHYSICAL WEATHERING

Wearing away of rocks due to constant collisions of loose particles

Answer 8

Abrasion

Question 9

PHYSICAL WEATHERING

Can be both Chemical and Physical Weathering
Humans, Plants, and animals are the weathering agents
Humans
- Mining
Plants
- Grows and seeps into concrete, causing them to expand and break
Animals
- Habitat making

Answer 9

Biological Activity

Question 10

PHYSICAL WEATHERING

• Similar to frost wedging
• Force exerted by salt crystal that formed as water evaporates from pore spaces or cracks in rocks, causing the rock to fall apart

Answer 10

Salt Crystal Growth

Question 11

2 Main types of Weathering

Alters the chemical composition of the rock

Answer 11

Chemical Weathering

Question 12

TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING

• Changes the composition of minerals from rocks when they react with water
• Leads to production of clays and soluble salts

Ex: Stalactites and Stalagmites

Answer 12

Hydrolysis

Question 13

TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING

• Reaction of oxygen with iron bearing materials in rocks
• Causing some to rust

Answer 13

Oxidation

Question 14

TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING

• When acidic water (rainwater with dissolved CO2) reacts with rocks
• Minerals dissolve, leaving them with holes/ cavities

Answer 14

Dissolution

Question 15

TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING

• Moss, Algae
• Perform chemical reaction to obtain minerals from soil and rocks
• Many possible chemical changes
• Formation of peats

Answer 15

Biological Activity