LESSON 6_ MINING PT 2

Question 1

Refers to a set of processes in which useful resources are withdrawn from a stock of any non-
renewable resource.

Answer 1

Mining

Question 2

Two main methods of mining

Answer 2

1. Surface mining
2. Underground mining

Question 3

Under types of mining

-Utilized to extract ore minerals that are close to Earth’s surface.

Answer 3

Surface mining

Question 4

Examples of Surface mining

Answer 4

-open pit mining
- quarrying
-placer mining
-strip mining

Question 5

Under types of mining

Utilized to extract ore minerals from the ore body is that is deep under the Earth’s surface

Answer 5

Underground mining

Question 6

Process during mining

Answer 6

• Prospecting or exploration
• Drilling
• Modeling
• Identifying and assessing the potential impacts
• Designing and constructing the mine
• Ore extraction
• Milling
• Mine site decommissioning

Question 7

Process during mining

Looking for the ore body

Answer 7

Prospects or exploration

Question 8

Process during mining

Extracting a part of the ore to determine the resulting ore, its quality, and the amount of ore minerals.

Answer 8

Drilling

Question 9

Process during mining

Determining the ore’s size, shape, and grade distribution throughout the deposit to apply appropriate mining methods, blast and dig pattern designs, safety precautions, and efficiency and processing methods.

Answer 9

Modelling

Question 10

Process during mining

Considering on the social and
environmental aspects and
finding ways of mitigating any
consequence of the mining
operation, with the purpose of
bringing the area back as close to
its original state as possible.

Answer 10

Identifying and assessing potential impacts

Question 11

Process during mining

Creating the appropriate mine
and operational design, and
proceeding with the
construction once all the
necessary permits are
acquired from the
government and local
communities.

Answer 11

Designing and constructing the mine

Question 12

Process during mining

Separation of high
grade ores from the
rest of the deposit.

Answer 12

Ore extraction

Question 13

Process during mining

Crushing and
concentration of
ores; waste
materials are
released.

Answer 13

Milling

Question 14

Milling/ Recovery methods

• The crushed rocks are submerged in liquid where the heavier/denser minerals sink thus are separated from the lighter minerals.
• This is commonly used to separate chalcopyrite from quartz before the refining processes of extracting copper.

Answer 14

Heavy media separation

Question 15

Milling/ Recovery methods

If the metal or
mineral is magnetic,
the crushed ore is
separated from the
waste materials using
a powerful magnet.

Answer 15

Magnetic separation

Question 16

Milling/ Recovery methods

The powdered ore is placed into an
agitated and frothy slurry where
some minerals and metals based on
physical and chemical properties may
either sink to the bottom or may stick
to the bubbles and rise to the top
thus separating the minerals and
metals from the waste.

Answer 16

Flotation

Question 17

Milling/ Recovery methods

This method used for low-grade gold ore where the crushed rock is placed
on a “leach pile” where cyanide solution is sprayed or dripped on top of
the pile. As the leach solution percolates down through the rocks, the gold
is dissolved into the solution. The solution is processed further to extract
the gold.

Answer 17

Cyanide Heap Leaching

Question 18

Process during mining

Closure of the depleted
mine; the mine site is
cleaned up and reclaimed
or rehabilitated for other
purposes.

Answer 18

Mine site decommissioning

Question 19

Mining methods (Under Surface mining)

which commonly involves large holes that extract relatively low-grade metallic ore.

Answer 19

Open Pit mining

Question 20

Mining methods (Under surface mining)

which extract horizontal layers of ore or rock.

Answer 20

Strip mining

Question 21

Mining methods (Under surface mining)

refers to surface mining that does not require complex processing. Quarrying
is used to mine sand and gravel, crushed stone aggregate, many industrial minerals (like
limestone, gypsum, and magnetite), and dimension stone for building material and
construction.

Answer 21

Quarrying

Question 22

Mining methods (Under surface mining)

Where gold or diamonds are extracted from river and beach sediment by scooping up the sediment and then the ore by density

Answer 22

Placer mining

Question 23

Mining Method

Are used when the mineral deposit is too deep underground to be practical and economical to mine from the surface.

Processing metallic ore (gold, silver, copper, iron, etc.) can involve numerous steps including crushing, grinding, and physical separating.

Answer 23

Underground mining method

Question 24

Mining method (Underground mining)

Heating the ore minerals with different chemicals to extract the metal

Answer 24

Smelting

Question 25

Mining method (Underground mining)

Using chemicals to dissolve the metals from a large volume of crushed rock.

Answer 25

Leaching