Q2 W5 Flashcards
SPEECH WRITING PROCESS (12)
- Conducting an audience analysis
- Determining the purpose of the
speech - Selecting a topic
- Narrowing down a topic
- Selecting a speech
pattern - Preparing an outline
- Creating the body of
the speech - Preparing the
introduction - Preparing the
conclusion - Editing and/ or
Revising - Rehearsing
SOME GUIDELINES IN SPEECH WRITING
- Keep your words short and simple. Your speech is meant to be heard by your audience, not
read. - Avoid jargon, acronyms, or technical words because they can confuse your audience.
- Make your speech more personal. Use the personal pronoun “I”, but take care not to overuse it.
When you need to emphasize collectiveness with your audience, use the personal pronoun
“we”. - Use active verbs and contractions because they add to the personal and conversational tone of
your speech. - Be sensitive of your audience. Be very careful with your language, jokes, and nonverbal cues.
- Use metaphors and other figures of speech to effectively convey your point.
- Manage your time well; make sure that the speech falls under the time limit.
age range, male-female ratio, educational background, nationality, economic
status, academic or corporate designation
DEMOGRAPHY
time, venue, occasion, size
SITUATION
values, beliefs, attitude, preferences, cultural and racial ideologies, and needs.
PSYCHOLOGY
PURPOSE OF SPEECH
TO INFORM
TO ENTERTAIN
TO PERSUADE
provides the audience with a clear understanding of the concept or
idea presented by the speaker.
INFORMATIVE SPEECH
provides the audience with amusement.
ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH
provides the audience with well-argued ideas that can influence their own beliefs and decisions.
PERSUASIVE SPEECH
is your focal point of your speech, which can be determined once you have decided
on your purpose.
TOPIC
means making your idea more specific and focused.
NARROWING DOWN A TOPIC
is the stage where you collect ideas, information, sources, and references
relevant or related to your specific topic. This can be done by visiting the library, browsing the
web, observing a certain phenomenon or even related to your topic, or conducting an interview
or survey.
DATA GATHERING
in general, are structures that will help you organize the ideas related to your
topic
WRITING PATTERNS
Presents descriptions of
your life or of a person,
famous or not
BIOGRAPHICAL
Presents related
categories supporting
the topic
CATEGORICAL/TOPICAL
Presents cause-effect
relationship
CAUSAL
Presents the idea in
time order
CHRONOLOGICAL
Presents comparison/contrast of
two or three points
COMPARISON/CONTRAST
Presents an identified
problem, its causes,
and recommended
solutions
PROBLEM-SOLUTION
provides explanations, examples, or any details that can help you
deliver your purpose and explain the main idea of your speech
should only have one central idea.
BODY OF THE SPEECH
SOME STRATEGIES TO HIGHLIGHT YOUR MAIN IDEA
- Present real-life or practical examples
- Show statistics
- Share ideas from the experts or practitioners.
the foundation of your speech. Here, your primary goal is to get the attention
of your audience and present the subject or main idea of your speech.
INTRODUCTION
restates the main idea of your speech. Furthermore, it provides a summary,
emphasizes the message, and calls for action.
aims to leave the audience with a memorable statement.
CONCLUSION
HOW TO BUILD CONCLUSION
- Begin your conclusion with a restatement of your message.
- Use positive examples, encouraging words, or memorable lines from songs or stories
familiar to your audience. - Ask questions or series of questions that can make your audience reflect or ponder.
involves correcting errors in mechanics, such as grammar,
punctuation, capitalization, unity, coherence, and others.
EDITING/REVISING
Andrew Dlugan (2013), an award-
winning public speaker, lists six power principles for speech editing.
FOCUS
CLARITY
CONCLUSION
CONTINUITY
VARIETY
IMPACT AND BEAUTY
Ensure that everything you have written, from introduction to conclusion, is related to
your central message.
EDIT FOR FOCUS
Make all ideas in your speech clear by arranging them in logical order (e.g., main idea
first then supporting details, or supporting details first then main idea.
EDIT FOR CLARITY
Keep your speech short, simple, and clear by eliminating unrelated stories and
sentences and by using simple words.
EDIT FOR CONCLUSION (CONCISION)
Keep the flow of your presentation smooth by adding transition words and phrases.
EDIT FOR CONTINUITY
Add spice to your speech by shifting tone and style from formal to conversational and
vice-versa, moving around the stage, or adding humor.
VARIETY
Make your speech memorable by using these strategies: surprise the audience, use vivid
descriptive images, write well-crafted and memorable lines, and use figures of speech.
EDIT FOR IMPACT AND BEAUTY
gives you an opportunity to identify what works and what does not work for you
and for your target audience. Some strategies include reading your speech aloud, recording
from your own analysis or for your peers or coaches to give feedback on your delivery. The best
thing to remember at this stage is: “Constant practice makes perfect.”
REHEARSING
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS (3)
- Demography
- Situation
- Psychology
DATA GATHERING (4)
- Ideas
- Information
- Sources
- references
BODY OF THE SPEECH (3)
- explanations
- examples
- any details
INTRODUCTION (2)
- Get the attention of
your audience - Present the subject or
main idea of your
speech
WRITING PATTERNS (6)
- Biographical
- Categorical/ Topical
- Causal
- Chronological
- Comparison/ Contrast
- Problem-solution
CONCLUSION (5)
- Restates the main
idea of your speech - It provides a
summary - Emphasizes the
message - Calls for action
- Leave the audience
with a memorable
statement
NARROWING DOWN A TOPIC (4)
- General Purpose
- Specific Purpose
- Topic
- Narrowing down a topic
through listing
OUTLINE (2)
- Table Format
- List Format
REHEARSING (3)
- Reading your speech aloud
- Recording
- Constant practice
