Q2 Exam 1

Question 1

aldosterone

Answer 1

absorbs Na, leaves K

Question 2

PDH vs ADH

Answer 2

most have PDH, vs malignant adrenal tumor

Question 3

calcinosis cutis

Answer 3

thickening of skin from cushings (hyper)

Question 4

rule out test for cushings

Answer 4

urine cortisol:creat ratio

Question 5

trilostane

Answer 5

3B hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor

Question 6

mitotane

Answer 6

DDT derivative causes selective necrosis of adrenal cells, NOT FDA approved

Question 7

clinical chem findings for addisons

Answer 7

low sodium, high potassium (other ddx is whips)

Question 8

zycortal

Answer 8

mileralocorticoid supplement, once a month

Question 9

pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism

Answer 9

adenomatous hyperplasia

Question 10

diagnosing hyperthyroid

Answer 10

basal T4 usually useful, but can use in combo with free T4 is suspect euthyroid to be confounding

Question 11

methimazole side effects

Answer 11

facial excoriations, immune-mediated problems

Question 12

myxedema

Answer 12

thickening of skin on head common with hypothyroid

Question 13

diagnosis of hypothyroid

Answer 13

2/3 TT4, fT4, and TSH (with clinical signs)

Question 14

nadir

Answer 14

lowest glucose reading in a curve, determines correct dosing

Question 15

vitamin D

Answer 15

causes calcium and phosphorous absorption (day to day control)

Question 16

PTH

Answer 16

keep Ca, decrease P, fast control of Ca

Question 17

10 dusorders in hypercalcemia

Answer 17

GOSHDARNIT
granulomatous, osteolytic, spurious, hyperPT, vitamin D excess, addisons, renal failure, neoplasia, idiopathic, toxic

Question 18

biphosphonatesq

Answer 18

forcing Ca back into bone, long term use in osteolytic canceres

Question 19

cinacalcet

Answer 19

decreases PTH secretion

Question 20

causes of hypocalcemia

Answer 20

eclampsia, pancreatitis, intestinal malabsorption, fleet enema, primary disease

Question 21

ADH receptor interference

Answer 21

cushings, hypercalcemia, some others

Question 22

medullary washout

Answer 22

renal insufficiency, addisons, hepatic insufficiency,

Question 23

osmotic diuresis

Answer 23

DM, renal insufficiency, post obstruction

Question 24

dehydration tablet

Answer 24

5-6%- subtle loss of elasticity
6-8% dry membranes, slight increase in CRT, delay in return of skin
10-12% skind stands in place, increase in CRT, eyes sunk
12-15%- death imminent

Question 25

total fluids equation

Answer 25

fluids = dehydration + maintenance + insensible

Question 26

lepto treatment

Answer 26

beta lactam 14 days then doxy