Q2 Exam 1 Flashcards
aldosterone
absorbs Na, leaves K
PDH vs ADH
most have PDH, vs malignant adrenal tumor
calcinosis cutis
thickening of skin from cushings (hyper)
rule out test for cushings
urine cortisol:creat ratio
trilostane
3B hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor
mitotane
DDT derivative causes selective necrosis of adrenal cells, NOT FDA approved
clinical chem findings for addisons
low sodium, high potassium (other ddx is whips)
zycortal
mileralocorticoid supplement, once a month
pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism
adenomatous hyperplasia
diagnosing hyperthyroid
basal T4 usually useful, but can use in combo with free T4 is suspect euthyroid to be confounding
methimazole side effects
facial excoriations, immune-mediated problems
myxedema
thickening of skin on head common with hypothyroid
diagnosis of hypothyroid
2/3 TT4, fT4, and TSH (with clinical signs)
nadir
lowest glucose reading in a curve, determines correct dosing
vitamin D
causes calcium and phosphorous absorption (day to day control)
PTH
keep Ca, decrease P, fast control of Ca
10 dusorders in hypercalcemia
GOSHDARNIT
granulomatous, osteolytic, spurious, hyperPT, vitamin D excess, addisons, renal failure, neoplasia, idiopathic, toxic
biphosphonatesq
forcing Ca back into bone, long term use in osteolytic canceres
cinacalcet
decreases PTH secretion
causes of hypocalcemia
eclampsia, pancreatitis, intestinal malabsorption, fleet enema, primary disease
ADH receptor interference
cushings, hypercalcemia, some others
medullary washout
renal insufficiency, addisons, hepatic insufficiency,
osmotic diuresis
DM, renal insufficiency, post obstruction
dehydration tablet
5-6%- subtle loss of elasticity
6-8% dry membranes, slight increase in CRT, delay in return of skin
10-12% skind stands in place, increase in CRT, eyes sunk
12-15%- death imminent
total fluids equation
fluids = dehydration + maintenance + insensible
lepto treatment
beta lactam 14 days then doxy
