Q2 Ch13 endocrine Flashcards
virile
having characteristics of a man; masculine
myxedema
hypothyroidism acquired in adulthood
diuresis
increased excretion of urine
hirsutism
excessive growth of hair in unusual places, especially in women
cretinism
hypothyroidism that appears as a congenital condition and is commonly associated with other endocrine abnormalities
hyperkalemia
excessive amount of potassium in the blood
pheochromocytoma
small chromaffin cell tumor; usually located in the adrenal medulla
type I diabetes
insulin-dependent diabtes mellitus; occurs most commonly in children and adolescents (juvenile onset)
hyponatremia
decreased concentration of sodium in the blood
glycosuria
abnormal presence of glucose in the urine
Cushing syndrome
metabolic disorder caused by hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex resulting in excessive production of glucocorticoids, mainly cortisol
type 2 diabetes
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; occurs later in life (maturity onset)
FBS (fasting blood glucose)
measures circulating glucose level after a 12-hour fast
RAIU (radioactive iodine uptake)
measures thyroid function and monitors how quickly ingested iodine is taken into the thyroid gland
growth hormone
increased skeletal growth in children
thyroid scan
radioactive compound is administered and localizs in the thyroid gland; used to detect thyroid abnormalities
T4
thyroxine
GTT (glucose tolerance test)
diagnostic test used to determine hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and adjustments in insulin dosage
protein-bound iodine
test to measure the concentration of thyroxine in blood sample
T3
triiodothyronine
MRI
noninvasive imaging technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images
exophthalmometry
test that measures the degree of forward displacement of the eyeball as seen in Graves disease
CT scan
imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of trasmitted rays from different angles; used to detect disease in soft body tissues, such as the pancrease, thyroid, and adrenal glands
Humulin
trade name for all human genetically produced insulins
claudication
lameness or limp in person’s walk
diabetes mellitus
insufficient production of insulin
endocrinologist
physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the endocrine system
hypercalciuria
abnormally high levels of calcium in urine
hyperparathyroidism
excessive production of parathyroid hormone
impression
a vague notion, remembrance, or belief
insulin
hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreas
exophthalmic goiter
characterized by protrusion of eyeballs, increased heart action, enlargement of the thyroid gland, weight loss, and nervousness
Addison disease
caused by deficiency in the secretion of adrenocortical hormones
osteoarthritis
most common typer of connective tissue disease, also known as degenerative joint disease
parathyroid
relating to or obtained from the parathyroid glands
peripheral vascular disease
disease tthat refers to the obstruction of large arteries not within the coronary, aortic arch vasculature, or brain.
accu-check
brand of blood sugar-testing devices
obesity, exogenous
excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body’s skeletal and physical standards; due to excessive intake of food
polyuria
excessive urination
corticosteroids
replacement hormones for adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)
oral antidiabetics
used to treat type 2 diabetes
polyphagia
excessive consumption of food
adenoma
benign epithelial tumor having a glandular origin and structure
polyuria
excessive urination
antithyroid
used to treat hyperthyroidism by impeding the formation of T3 and T4 hormone
morbid obesity
BMI of 40 or more
