Q1 ch 14 CNS def to word Flashcards
weakness in one half of the body
hemiparesis
inability to speak
aphasia
pathological condition associated with formation of small plaques in the cerebral cortex
Alzheimer disease
eating disorder characterized by binging and purging
bulimia nervosa
part of the grand mal seizure characterized by uncontrolled jerking of the body
clonic phase
autoimmune condition that causes acute inflammation of peripheral nerves
Guillain-Barre syndrome
type of neurosis characterized by irrational fears
phobias
mental disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, emotion, and energy
bipolar disorder
chronic or recurring seizure disorders
epilepsies
commonly caused by narrowing of the carotid arteries
ischemic stroke
disease caused by the same organism that causes chickenpox in children
shingles
disease of the nerve root associated with the spinal cord
radiculopathy
paralysis of the lower portion of the trunk and both legs
paraplegia
disease that causes inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
poliomyelitis
abnormal inactivity or lack of response to normal stimuli
lethargy
most severe form of spina bifida where the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine
myelomeningocele
mental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and abnormal absorption in fantasy
autism
disease characterized by head nodding, bradykinesia, tremors, and shuffling gait
Parkinson disease
disease characterized by demyelination in the spinal cord and brain
multiple sclerosis
loss of consciousness caused by trauma to the head
concussion
tests the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve
nerve conduction velocity (NCV)
reduce impulsive behavior by increasing the level of neurotransmitters; treat ADHD and narcolepsy
psychostimulants
treat psychosis, paranoia, and schizophrenia by altering chemicals in the brain, including the limbic system, which controls emotions
antipsychotics
act upon the brain to produce complete loss of feeling with loss of consciousness
general anesthetics
ultrasound technique used to study the intracranial structures of the brain
echoencephalography
technique that employs extreme cold to destroy tissue
cryosurgery
radiological examination of the spinal canal, nerve roots, and spinal cord
myelography
visualization of the cerebrovascular system after injection of radiopaque dye
cerebral angiography
laboratory test used to diagnose viral and bacterial infections, tumors, and hemorrhage
CSF analysis
recording of electrical signals when a muscle is at rest and during contraction to assess nerve damage
electromyography
procedure to extract spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, introduce anesthetic agents, or remove fluid to allow other fluids to be injected
lumbar puncture
scan using computed tomography to record the positrons emitted from a radiopharmaceutical
positron emission tomography (PET)
transection of a nerve tract in the brainstem or spinal cord
tractotomy
agents that depress central nervous system functions, promote sedation and sleep, and relieve agitation, anxiousness, and restlessness
hypnotics
cutting a circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure
trephination
a bulge formed on a weakened blood vessel
aneurysm
a procedure in which magnetic resonance imaging is used for the brain
cerebral MRI
Widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain
cisterna subarachnoidalis
serumlike fluid that circulates through the ventricles of the brain, the cavity of the spinal cord, and the subarachnoid space.
cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)
accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones
hydrocephalus
Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles
computed tomography (CT)
patient has neck stiffness, photophobia, and a headache without the presence of infection of inflammation
meningismus
relating to occipital bone
occipital
rule out
R/O
area between the arachnoid and the pia mater
subarachnoid
localized collection of pus at the site of an infection
abscess
rapid onset
acute
used to treat hypertension, prevent migraine headaches, and manage Tourette’s syndrome
clonidine
injection into the epidural space of the spine
epidural
Radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures
fluoroscopy
area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply
infarct
part of the back and sides between the lowest ribs and the pelvis
lumbar
used as a substitute for morphine and heroin
methadone
inflammation of the spinal column
myelitis
skin sensation, such as burning, prickling, itching, or tingling, with no apparent physical cause
paresthesia
crossing from side to side
transverse
