Q1 Ch14 CNS

Question 1

hemiparesis

Answer 1

weakness in one half of the body

Question 1

aphasia

Answer 1

inability to speak

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Alzheimer disease

Answer 1

pathological condition associated with formation of small plaques in the cerebral cortex

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bulimia nervosa

Answer 1

eating disorder characterized by binging and purging

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clonic phase

Answer 1

part of the grand mal seizure characterized by uncontrolled jerking of the body

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Guillain-Barre syndrome

Answer 1

autoimmune condition that causes acute inflammation of peripheral nerves

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phobias

Answer 1

type of neurosis characterized by irrational fears

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bipolar disorder

Answer 1

mental disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, emotion, and energy

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epilepsies

Answer 1

chronic or recurring seizure disorders

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ischemic stroke

Answer 1

commonly caused by narrowing of the carotid arteries

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shingles

Answer 1

disease caused by the same organism that causes chickenpox in children

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radiculopathy

Answer 1

disease of the nerve root associated with the spinal cord

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paraplegia

Answer 1

paralysis of the lower portion of the trunk and both legs

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poliomyelitis

Answer 1

disease that causes inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

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lethargy

Answer 1

abnormal inactivity or lack of response to normal stimuli

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myelomeningocele

Answer 1

most severe form of spina bifida where the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine

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autism

Answer 1

mental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and abnormal absorption in fantasy

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Parkinson disease

Answer 1

disease characterized by head nodding, bradykinesia, tremors, and shuffling gait

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multiple sclerosis

Answer 1

disease characterized by demyelination in the spinal cord and brain

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concussion

Answer 1

loss of consciousness caused by trauma to the head

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nerve conduction velocity (NCV)

Answer 1

tests the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve

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psychostimulants

Answer 1

reduce impulsive behavior by increasing the level of neurotransmitters; treat ADHD and narcolepsy

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antipsychotics

Answer 1

treat psychosis, paranoia, and schizophrenia by altering chemicals in the brain, including the limbic system, which controls emotions

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general anesthetics

Answer 1

act upon the brain to produce complete loss of feeling with loss of consciousness

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echoencephalography

Answer 1

ultrasound technique used to study the intracranial structures of the brain

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cryosurgery

Answer 1

technique that employs extreme cold to destroy tissue

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myelography

Answer 1

radiological examination of the spinal canal, nerve roots, and spinal cord

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cerebral angiography

Answer 1

visualization of the cerebrovascular system after injection of radiopaque dye

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CSF analysis

Answer 1

laboratory test used to diagnose viral and bacterial infections, tumors, and hemorrhage

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electromyography

Answer 1

recording of electrical signals when a muscle is at rest and during contraction to assess nerve damage

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lumbar puncture

Answer 1

procedure to extract spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, introduce anesthetic agents, or remove fluid to allow other fluids to be injected

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positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer 1

scan using computed tomography to record the positrons emitted from a radiopharmaceutical

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tractotomy

Answer 1

transection of a nerve tract in the brainstem or spinal cord

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hypnotics

Answer 1

agents that depress central nervous system functions, promote sedation and sleep, and relieve agitation, anxiousness, and restlessness

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trephination

Answer 1

cutting a circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure

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aneurysm

Answer 1

a bulge formed on a weakened blood vessel

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cerebral MRI

Answer 1

a procedure in which magnetic resonance imaging is used for the brain

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cisterna subarachnoidalis

Answer 1

Widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain

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cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 1

serumlike fluid that circulates through the ventricles of the brain, the cavity of the spinal cord, and the subarachnoid space.

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hydrocephalus

Answer 1

accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones

Question 1

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 1

Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles

Question 3

occipital

Answer 3

relating to occipital bone

Question 4

R/O

Answer 4

rule out

Question 5

subarachnoid

Answer 5

area between the arachnoid and the pia mater

Question 6

abscess

Answer 6

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection

Question 7

acute

Answer 7

rapid onset

Question 8

clonidine

Answer 8

used to treat hypertension, prevent migraine headaches, and manage Tourette’s syndrome

Question 9

epidural

Answer 9

injection into the epidural space of the spine

Question 10

fluoroscopy

Answer 10

Radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures

Question 11

infarct

Answer 11

area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply

Question 12

lumbar

Answer 12

part of the back and sides between the lowest ribs and the pelvis

Question 13

methadone

Answer 13

used as a substitute for morphine and heroin

Question 14

myelitis

Answer 14

inflammation of the spinal column

Question 15

paresthesia

Answer 15

skin sensation, such as burning, prickling, itching, or tingling, with no apparent physical cause

Question 16

transverse

Answer 16

crossing from side to side

Question 42

meningismus

Answer 42

patient has neck stiffness, photophobia, and a headache without the presence of infection or inflammation