Q2 Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration

Question 1

The sum of the chemical reactions that take place within each cell of a living organism and that provide energy for vital processes and for synthesizing new organic material.

Answer 1

METABOLISM

Question 2

2 TYPES OF METABOLISM

Answer 2

Catabolism, Anabolism

Question 3

Type of metabolism that Breaks down bigger molecules to smaller molecules

Answer 3

Catabolism

Question 4

Type of metabolism that makes and releases energy

Answer 4

Catabolism

Question 5

Type of metabolism wherein potential energy is converted into kinetic.

Answer 5

Catabolism

Question 6

Type of metabolism that is Required in order to perform different activities in living entities.

Answer 6

Catabolism

Question 7

Type of metabolism that
Constructs smaller molecules into bigger molecules

Answer 7

Anabolism

Question 8

Type of metabolism that Uses energy

Answer 8

Anabolism

Question 9

Type of metabolism wherein Kinetic energy is converted into potential energy

Answer 9

Anabolism

Question 10

Type of metabolism that is required for maintenance, growth, and storage.

Answer 10

Anabolism

Question 11

• When a molecule loses an electron
• NADH to NAD+

Answer 11

OXIDATION

Question 12

• When a molecule gain an electron
• NAD+ and NADH

Answer 12

REDUCTION

Question 13

The physical and chemical processes (such as breathing and diffusion) by which an organism supplies its cells and tissues with the oxygen needed for metabolism and relieves them of the carbon dioxide formed in energy-producing reactions.

Answer 13

RESPIRATION

Question 14

3 STEPS OF RESPIRATION

Answer 14

1. External respiration
2. Internal respiration
3. Cellular respiration

Question 15

Step of respiration wherein it is between the environment and lungs

Answer 15

External respiration

Question 16

Step of respiration wherein it is between the blood and cell

Answer 16

Internal respiration

Question 17

Step of respiration that involves the conversion of food to energy.

Answer 17

Cellular respiration

Question 18

Chemical reaction which breakdown nutrients to release energy

Organisms breakdown glucose from food to create energy, known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 18

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Question 19

It occurs inside the living cells of all types of organisms (from prokaryotic bacteria and Achaeans to eukaryotic protests, fungi, plants, and animals) to carry out various vital activities like muscle contraction, nerve transmission, cell division, etc.

Answer 19

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Question 20

SIGNIFICANCE OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION?

Answer 20

Muscle contractions require energy to work.

Muscle cells can only store 6 to 10 seconds muscular contraction worth of ATP

To provide the muscle more energy the process of cellular respiration must simultaneously happen.

Question 21

2 TYPES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Answer 21

1. Aerobic Respiration
2. Anaerobic Respiration

Question 22

Aerobic Respiration (verbal formula)

Answer 22

Glucose + oxygen ➜ CO2 + Water + Energy

Question 23

Anaerobic Respiration (verbal formula) Animal

Answer 23

Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy

Question 24

Anaerobic Respiration (verbal formula) Bacteria, Plants, and Yeasts

Answer 24

Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide + Energy

Question 25

Aerobic Respiration (chemical formula)

Answer 25

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 26

Anaerobic Respiration (chemical formula) Animal

Answer 26

C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3 + ATP

Question 27

Anaerobic Respiration (chemical formula) Bacteria, Plants, and Yeasts

Answer 27

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + ATP

Question 28

2 types of Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 28

1. Lactic Acid Fermentation 2. Ethanol Fermentation

Question 29

Which type of Anaerobic Respiration is this? Breakdowns glucose to produce ATP without the use of oxygen.

Answer 29

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Question 30

What are the 2 STEPS OF LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION Glucose → Lactic Acid + Energy

Answer 30

1. Glycolysis 2. Fermentation

Question 31

Glycolysis Glucose is __________ by _______, ___________, and ________ Location: __________

Answer 31

Glucose is broken down by ATP, NAD+, and Enzymes (E) Location: Cytoplasm in the cytosol

Question 32

Stages of glycolysis 1. 2 ATP and enzymes_____________ 2. Enzymes add free_____________ 3. Re_____________ 4. Formation of _____________

Answer 32

1. 2 ATP and enzymes breakdown glucose to form glyceraldehyde -3- phosphate (PGAL) 2. Enzymes add free P to form 1,3 biphosphoglycerate 3. Reduction/ Formation of 2 NADH 4. Formation of 4 ATP

Question 33

END OF GLYCOLYSIS WE HAVE:

Answer 33

1. 2 pyruvate (C3H4O3) 2. 2 NADH 3. 4 ATP (Net gain of 2 ATP)

Question 34

STEP 2 OF ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION: ______________ Occurs when cells do not have enough ______________. Makes sure that______________ LOCATION: ______________

Answer 34

STEP 2: FERMENTATION Occurs when cells do not have enough oxygen. Makes sure that glycolysis will continue. LOCATION: Cytoplasm in the cytosol

Question 35

STAGES OF LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

Answer 35

1. Formation of Lactic Acid 2. Regeneration of NAD+

Question 36

END OF LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION WE HAVE:

Answer 36

1. 2 lactic acid C3H6O3 2. 4 ATP (net gain of 2) 3. 2 NAD+

Question 37

USES OF LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION 1. Provide immediate e_________ 2. Used in making s_________ 3. Used in p_________ 4. Used in making y_________

Answer 37

1. Provide immediate energy during strenuous exercises 2. Used in making sourdough bread 3. Use in preserving cucumbers to make pickles 4. Used in making yogurt

Question 38

ETHANOL FERMENTATION Chemical Formula

Answer 38

C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 + ATP

Question 39

ETHANOL FERMENTATION Verbal Formula

Answer 39

Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide + ATP

Question 40

ETHANOL FERMENTATION - Occurs in y__________ - Location: C_______

Answer 40

- Occurs in yeasts and some plants - Location: Cytosol

Question 41

STEPS OF ETHANOL FERMENTATION

Answer 41

1. Glycolysis 2. Fermentation

Question 42

STAGES OF ETHANOL FERMENTATION

Answer 42

1. Breaking down of pyruvate by an enzyme to produce CO2 2. Regeneration of 2 NAD+

Question 43

END OF ETHANOL FERMENTATION WE HAVE

Answer 43

1. 2 CO2 2. 2 C2H5OH 3. 4 ATP (net gain of 2 ATP) 4. 2 NAD+

Question 44

Why is ethanol fermentation important?

Answer 44

Because it regenerates NAD+ which is needed to start glycolysis again

Question 45

USES OF ETHANOL FERMENTATION 1. Used in making _________ (CO2 _________ , e _________ _________ during baking) 2. Used in making _________ and _________

Answer 45

1. Used in making most bread (CO2 forms bubbles that make bread fluffy, ethanol evaporates during baking) 2. Used in making wine and beer

Question 46

SUMMARY OF ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION Process do/don't require_____________ Breaks down _____________ Happens in the _____________ 2 types: _____________ Lactic acid fermentation happens when animals _____________ Ethanol fermentation happens in some _____________

Answer 46

Process do not require energy. Breaks down glucose to produce 2 ATP. Happens in the cytosol of the cytoplasm. 2 types lactic acid fermentation and ethanol fermentation Lactic acid fermentation happens when animals lack oxygen during strenuous activity Ethanol fermentation happens in some bacteria, yeast and plants

Question 47

SUMMARY OF ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION Lactic acid fermentation produces __________________ Lactic acid will __________________ Ethanol fermentation produces __________________

Answer 47

Lactic acid fermentation produces a waste product called lactic acid that causes muscle fatigue/ cramps Lactic acid will disappear when you breath in oxygen. Ethanol fermentation produces CO2 and ethanol which is use in making bread, wine and beer.