Q2 Flashcards
What are the 3 types of neurons?
Sensory-communicate from environment to central ns.
Motor-from central ns to muscles.
Inter neurons- one neuron to another
What are the three basic components of a neuron?
- Cell body- “soma” manufactures proteins, process nutrients, provides energy.
- Dendrites- receives information.
- Axon- the stem of the neuron that carries messages to other cells.
Longest axon in the body?
3feet or more
What is the myelin sheath?
Covers the axon, providing insulation, increases speed of messages
Glial cells are?
Support cells, assist neurons by providing nutrients, structural support, and removes cell waste
What happens in multiple sclerosis?
Degeneration of the myelin sheath, slows and interrupts the messages
Explain the process of action potential.
Messages gathered by dendrites and cell body transmitted along the axon , in the form of an electrical impulse
What happenes at the synapse of a neuron?
The postsynaptic neuron receives the message from the presynaptic neuron, chemically or electrical and don’t touch. They are separated by a fluid space called the synaptic gap.
What are neurotransmitters?
Chemical messengers made by a neuron
Explain Acetylcholine
Learning, memory, muscle contractions
Alzheimer’s disease
Dopamine?
Movement, thought processes, rewarding sensations Schizophrenia
Parkinson disease
Serotonin?
sensory perceptions, sleep, and emotions.
Name the 6 neurotransmitters?
Acetylcholine Dopamine Serotonin Norepinephrine GABA Endorphins
GABA?
Regulates excitation
Anxiety disorders
Norepinephrine?
Physical arousal, learning, memory, regulation of sleep
Stress, depressive disorder
