Q1 ORAL COMM Flashcards
1
Q
The word communication is derived from the Latin terms “cum munis” (____) and “communicare” (____).
A
to make common
to share
2
Q
The word communication is derived from the Latin terms “____” (to share) and “____” (to make common).
A
cum munis
communicare
3
Q
Defined as the exchange of information,
thoughts, ideas, feelings, and the like.
A
Communication
4
Q
Process in which people share information, ideas, and feelings to construct meaning, establish relations, and build understanding.
A
Communication
5
Q
Communication takes place through the exchange of verbal and nonverbal messages (____).
People and date
A
Brooks & Heath, 1993
6
Q
It is a meaningful exchange that involves not only the spoken and written word but also body language, personal mannerisms and style, and the physical environment – anything that adds meaning to a message.
People and date
A
Hybels & Weaver, 1998
7
Q
Communication is not static. It is not fixed but always changing. As it deals with change of behavior it changes constantly.
COMMUNICATION AS A PROCESS
A
Communication is dynamic
8
Q
Simple speech communication occurs within a larger system. It is a system itself composed of interrelated and interdependent elements working together to achieve a desired outcome.
COMMUNICATION AS A PROCESS
A
Communication is systematic
9
Q
Characteristic of this communication is the fact that each communication event is a unique combination of people, messages, and situations that operate to achieve some
definite purpose.
COMMUNICATION AS A PROCESS
A
Communication is transactional
10
Q
Communication takes place with an intention to achieve some outcome. In this process it must adapt to change. The ability to adjust and adapt to changing situation is a characteristic of effective communication.
COMMUNICATION AS A PROCESS
A
Communication is adaptive
11
Q
Communication has no beginning and no end. We can consider communication as a product of a previous communication event that proceeds to another communication situation.
COMMUNICATION AS A PROCESS
A
Communication is continuous
12
Q
Key Factors for Effective Communication
A
Listening
Speaking
Understanding
13
Q
Five Elements of Communication
A
Sender
Receiver
Message
Channel
Feedback
14
Q
The ____ or source of communication and
responds to a stimulus and decides to ____ or transmit it in the form of message (or a “code”) through a channel or means of communication.
A
Speaker
Encode
or Encoder
15
Q
The ____ decodes or interprets the message sent and responds accordingly based on his interpretation of the message.
A
Receiver
or Decoder
16
Q
It contains information its opinions thoughts and emotions it is basically what the sender wants to say to the receiver.
A
Message
17
Q
It is the medium or the means of
communication.
A
Channel
18
Q
This response comes in the form of ____ sent to the original source of communication (sender).
A
Feedback
19
Q
____ to communication sometimes block the transmission of the message thereby creating misunderstanding.
A
Barriers
20
Q
The ____ explains the process of one-way communication, whereby a sender transmits a message and a receiver absorbs it.
A
Linear Communication Model
Has no direct feedback to the sender.
21
Q
Called as “the mother of all models.”
A
Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication
22
Q
It is a linear model of communication that provides a framework for analyzing how messages are sent and received.
A
Shannon-Weaver Model of Communication
23
Q
Deals with exchange of ideas and messages
taking place both ways from sender to receiver and vice-versa.
A
Interactive Communication Model
Also known as the convergence model
24
Q
Also known as the convergence model
A
Interactive Communication Model
25
Example of the interactive model
Schramm Model of Communication
26
It is the process of continuous change and transformation where every component is changing such as the people, their environments and the medium used. Due to this, it assumes the communicators to be independent and act any way they want.
Transactional Communication Model
27
May occur when problems in any of the elements involved arise.
Communication breakdown
28
Are the natural or environmental condition that act as a barrier in communication in sending the message from sender to receiver.
| Barriers to Communication
Physical Barriers
29
These refer to social and personal issues of a speaker towards communicating with others.
| Barriers to Communication
Psychological Barriers
30
Pertain to communication problems encountered by people regarding their intrinsic values, beliefs, and traditions in conflict with others. People’s culture affect the way they communicate and relate to others.
| Barriers to Communication
Cultural Barriers
31
Pertain to conflicts with regards to language and word meanings.
| Barriers to Communication
Linguistic Barriers
32
It means that our body is not at its best condition.
| Barriers to Communication
Physiological Barriers
33
Are the sight, sound and other stimuli that draw people’s attention away from intended meaning.
| Classification of Noise
External Noises
34
Are the thoughts and feelings that interfere with meaning.
| Classification of Noise
Internal noises
35
These are the alternate meaning
aroused by speaker's symbol.
| Classification of Noise
Semantic Noises
36
It is important to whole communication process.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
COMPLETENESS
## Footnote
PPT definition is very vague, but completeness is self-explanatory
37
Irrelevant information should not be included.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
CONCISENESS
38
This will result in building rapport or connection with the audience.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
CONSIDERATION
39
This will make the receiver
to understand the message better.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
CONCRETENESS
## Footnote
PPT definition is very vague. Concreteness is something to do with how "solid" your evidences are and the message as a whole.
40
This implies the good choice of words and language and a consideration of the audience’s perspectives and feelings.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
COURTESY
41
It implies the use of simple and specific words to express ideas.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
CLEARNESS
42
Avoiding mistakes in grammar helps to boost the credibility and effectiveness of the message.
| 7Cs of Effective Communication
CORRECTNESS
43
What are Buhler's Three Functions of Communication
Expression
Appeal
Representation
44
The expression of the speaker’s attitude towards the topic.
| Buhler's Three Functions of Communication
Expression
45
The intended effect on the listener.
| Buhler's Three Functions of Communication
Appeal
46
The content or the topic.
| Buhler's Three Functions of Communication
Representation
47
Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Emotive
Conative
Referential
Metalingual
Phatic
Poetic
48
Focuses on the receiver or addressee.
| Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Emotive
## Footnote
The same with Expression in Buhler’s function)
49
Focuses on the sender or receiver.
| Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Conative
## Footnote
The same with Appeal of Buhler’s function
50
Focuses on the context.
| Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Referential
51
Focuses on the code or language being used.
| Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Metalingual
52
Focuses on the contact between the speaker and the listener.
| Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Phatic
53
Focuses on the “message for its own sake.”
| Jakobson's Six Functions of Communication
Poetic
54
Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Instrumental
Regulatory
Interactional
Personal
Heuristics
Imaginative
Representational
55
Language is used to express needs.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Instrumental
56
Language is used to tell others what to do.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Regulatory
57
Language is used to establish relations
with others.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Interactional
58
Language is used to express insights and feelings.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Personal
59
Language is used to seek knowledge.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Heuristics
60
Language is used to tell stories.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Imaginative
61
Language is used to deliver
information.
| Halliday's Seven Functions of Communication
Representational
62
Main Functions of Communication
Motivation
Information Dissemination
Control or Regulation
Emotional Expression
Social Interaction
63
It refers to a person using a language to express desires, needs, wants, likes and dislikes, inclinations, choices and aspirations.
| Main Functions of Communication
Motivation
64
It is the most basic function of communication that
provides data information for effective completion of tasks solutions, of problems and elimination of uncertainty.
| Main Functions of Communication
Information Dissemination
65
It can be used to control the behavior of human
beings. It can be used to regulate the nature and amount of activities humans engage in.
| Main Functions of Communication
Control or Regulation
66
It is a manifestation of one’s internal emotional state.
| Main Functions of Communication
Emotional Expression
67
Communication allows acting and reacting to the behavior of people around us, but rebuilding our thoughts and feelings release reactions from others.
| Main Functions of Communication
Social Interaction
68
It happens when a speaker motivates someone or a group by using his or her skills in communication towards self-assessment, confidence, knowledge, etc.
Positive Motivation
69
It can lead either to communication
apprehension and social anxiety.
Negative Motivation
70
It is the process of releasing and thereby providing relief from strong or repressed emotions here, it helps people express their feelings and emotions.
Catharsis
71
Words are used to relay the message.
Verbal Communication
72
Behavior is used to convey and represent meanings.
Non-verbal Communication
73
Verbal communication
consists of ____, ____, ____, and ____.
Speaking
Listening
Writing
Reading
74
Verbal Communication
is divided into:
Oral Communication
Verbal Communication
75
Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Volume
Enunciation and Pronunciation
Pitch
Stress
Phrasing
Speed
76
It refers to the loudness of your
voice.
| Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Volume
77
Refers to the proper pronunciation of the sounds on a word or blending of sounds to produce a word.
| Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Enunciation and Pronunciation
78
This refers to the frequency of your voice.
| Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Pitch
79
This refers to the emphasis on a certain word.
| Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Stress
80
It refers to how you group the words in a sentence.
| Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Phrasing
81
It refers to how quickly you speak.
| Skills Required for Effective Verbal Communication
Speed
82
Aspects of Verbal Communication
Appropriateness
Brevity
Clarity
Ethics
Vividness
83
The language used should be appropriate to the environment or occasion.
| Aspects of Verbal Communication
Appropriateness
84
Use simple and precise words and
avoid fillers and in substantial.
| Aspects of Verbal Communication
Brevity
85
Clearly state your message and
express your ideas and feelings.
| Aspects of Verbal Communication
Clarity
86
Words should be carefully chosen in consideration of the gender roles ethnicity preferences and status of the people you are talking to.
| Aspects of Verbal Communication
Ethics
87
Find ways to charm your audience through the use of vivid words.
| Aspects of Verbal Communication
Vividness
88
Includes all unwritten and unspoken messages, both intentional and unintentional.
Non-verbal Communication
89
Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Eye Contact
Facial Expressions
Head Movements and Body Movements
Posture
Proximity
Personal Appearance
90
By looking at the listeners as we speak, we can
engage them in the communicative process taking
place.
| Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Eye Contact
91
It makes the message more meaningful.
| Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Facial Expressions
## Footnote
Very vague definition from the PPT, but this is self-explanatory
92
We can turn our head and move our arms, hands,
legs and feet to emphasize certain points.
| Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Head Movements and Body Movements
93
We should stand upright to attain a level of dignity or formality as we speak.
| Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Posture
94
In public speaking situations, we can walk from one side to another so that we can reach out our audience on both the right side and the left side.
| Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Proximity
95
Our clothing will be determined by the formality
that the communicative situation demands. We
should know when to dress in business attire, semi-formal attire or casual attire.
| Strategies for Non-verbal Communication
Personal Appearance
96
Types of Speech Context
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Public
Mass Communication
97
It is the communication within
oneself.
| Types of Speech Context
Intrapersonal
98
It is a communication which involves more than one person.
| Types of Speech Context
Interpersonal
99
Types of Interpersonal Communication
| Types of Speech Context
Dyad Communication
Small Group
100
It consists of only two participants who are formally and informally interacting with each other verbally and nonverbally.
| Types of Speech Context
Dyad Communication
101
It consists of three to 12 people exchanging views on a common topic or aiming at a common goal face to face.
| Types of Speech Context
Small Group
102
This type refers to communication that requires you to deliver or send the message before or in front of a group.
| Types of Speech Context
Public
103
This refers to communication that takes place through television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, billboards, internet, and other types of media.
| Types of Speech Context
Mass Communication
104
An ____ communicates knowledge
and understanding about a process, an event, a
person or place, an object, or a concept.
| Types of Speech According to Purpose
Informative Speech/Expository Speech
105
Types of Informative Speech
Speeches about objects
Speeches about processes
Speeches about events
Speeches about concepts
106
When you deliver a ____, you want to inspire others to do something or take your side on an issue.
| Types of Speech According to Purpose
Persuasive Speech
107
The speaker provides pleasure and enjoyment that will make the audience laugh and identify information.
| Types of Speech According to Purpose
Entertainment Speech
108
It is a way to stir up people’s higher order values and plant positive and valid ideals in life.
| Types of Speech According to Purpose
Inspirational Speech
109
This speech is prepared a head of time and written out word for word. The speaker them uses the script while giving the speech.
| Types of Speech According to Delivery
Manuscript Speech
110
This speech is written out a head of time, just like the manuscript; however, no notes are used when giving the speech.
| Types of Speech According to Delivery
Memorized Speech
111
The ____ is a speech that has limited preparation and uses partial notes during the delivery.
| Types of Speech According to Delivery
Extemporaneous Speech
112
An ____ is one
that has no notes, and the
speaker has almost no time
in preparing the speech.
| Types of Speech According to Delivery
Impromptu Speech
113
Types of Speech Style
Intimate
Casual
Consultative
Formal
Frozen
114
This style is used in conversations between friends and insiders who have something to share and have shared background information.
| Types of Speech Style
Casual
114
This style is used in conversations between people who are very close and know each other quite well because having maximum of shared background information.
| Types of Speech Style
Intimate
114
* This speech style uses listener participationand feedback.
* In this style the speaker does not usually plan what we want to say.
* Sentences tend to be shorter and spontaneous.
| Types of Speech Style
Consultative
115
* It uses formal words and expression.
* This speech style is expected to be presented in complete sentences with specific word usage.
| Types of Speech Style
Formal
116
It is the most formal communicative style that is
often used in respectful situation or formal
ceremony.
| Types of Speech Style
Frozen
116
____ are the speaker’s utterances which convey meaning and make listeners do specific things.
Speech Acts
117
Three Types of Speech Act
Locutionary
Illocutionary
Perlocutionary
118
It is not just saying something itself, but the act of saying something with the intention of: stating an opinion, confirming or denying something.
| Three Types of Speech Act
Illocutionary Act
118
This act happens with the utterance of a sound, a
word, or even a phrase as a natural unit of speech.
| Three Types of Speech Act
Locutionary Act
119
Classification of Illocution
Assertive
Directive
Comissive
Expressive
Declaration
120
The speaker commits to something being the case.
| Classification of Illocution
Assertive
121
The speaker gets the addressee to do something.
| Classification of Illocution
Directive
122
The speaker commits to some future course of action.
| Classification of Illocution
Comissive
123
The speaker expresses his thoughts about something or certain situation.
| Classification of Illocution
Expressive
124
The speaker brings about immediate changes in the state of affairs solely in virtue of the utterance.
| Classification of Illocution
Declaration
125
It is an act that refers to the act of effects which may be intended or not, the utterance has on the behavior, thoughts, and feelings of addressee.
| Three Types of Speech Act
Perlocutionary Act
