Q1 Flashcards
Mr Smith, a 57-year-old patient, has been admitted with a diabetic foot infection. The decision has been made to prescribe an antibiotic for the treatment of a diabetic foot infection caused by vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE). Which of the following antibiotics is likely to be a suitable treatment option?
A. Teicoplanin
B. Pivmecillinam
C. Flucloxacillin
D. Linezolid
E. Metronidazole
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are resistant to vancomycin, which is often used to treat infections caused by enterococci. Linezolid is an antibiotic that is effective against VRE and is commonly used in such cases.
Mrs Alison, a 37-year old patient, brings in a prescription for Azithromycin. She has never taken this medication before and has an allergy to penicillin.
Which of the following conditions is Azithromycin licensed to treat?
A. Infective endocarditis
B. Otitis media
C. Sepsis
D. Hosptial acquired pneumonia E. Animal bite
Otitis Media
Mr Andews is commenced on a new medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Since starting the medication he has severe persistent abdominal pain and is urgently admitted to the acute admissions ward,
After investigation it is concluded the symptoms are due to the new medication. Which medication is he likely to have been prescribed?
A. Metformin
B. Acarbose
C. Sitagliptin
D. Canagliflozin
E. Gliclazide
Sitagliptin
Mr Smith, a 33-year-old patient, is diagnosed with mild cellulitis. Mr Smith has a penicillin allergy and develops a rash when he takes penicillin.
Which of the following antibiotics would be the most suitable option for Mr Smith?
A. Teicoplanin
B. Flucloxacillin
C. Doxycycline
D. Vancomycin
E. Metronidazole
Doxycycline
Mr Allan, a 47-year-old patient, has been diagnosed with a severe diabetic foot infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Which of the following antibiotics does not demonstrate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
A. Ciprofloxacin
B. Gentamicin
C. Ceftazidime
D. Cefuroxime
E. Meropenem
D
Miss Washington, a 25-year-old patient, comes into your community pharmacy with a prescription for 7 temazepam tablets for insomnia.
How long is the prescription valid for from the date stated on the prescription?
A. 14 days
B. 28 days
C. 30 days
D. 6 months
E. 12 months
28 days
Mr Ruiz, a 53-year-old patient, walks into your community pharmacy with a prescription for a new medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus. He was advised that he may experience gastrointestinal disturbances during the first few weeks on the medication, however, these are usually transient and should resolve.
Which medication is Mr Ruiz most likely to have been prescribed?
A. Sitagliptin
B. Canagliflozin
C. Gliclazide
D. Metformin
E. Glibenclamide
Metformin
Mr Andrews, a 57-year-old patient, is admitted to the acute admissions ward and diagnosed with adrenal crisis. Mr Andrews requires a short-acting glucocorticoid.
Which of the following is an example of a short-acting glucocorticoid?
A. Prednisolone
B. Deflazacort
C. Dexamethasone
D. Hydrocortisone
E. Betamethasone
Hydrocortisone
Mr Benson, a 67-year-old patient, is admitted to the geriatric ward due to fall. The medical team have deduced that it is likely due to one of his medications.
Which of the following medications is likely to be responsible for his fall?
A. Metformin
B. Adcal D3
C. Finasteride
D. Sitagliptin
E. Zopiclone
Zopiclone is a sedative-hypnotic medication often used for the short-term treatment of insomnia. It can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and an increased risk of falls, especially in older adults. This is particularly concerning in the geriatric population due to their increased sensitivity to sedatives and the potential for impaired coordination or balance.
Mr Rahman is diagnosed with a staphylococcal diabetic foot infection with osteomyelitis. The decision has been made to prescribe him a lincosamide antibiotic.
Which of the following is a lincosamide antibiotic?
A. Linezolid
B. Dalbavancin
C. Daptomycin
D. Clindamycin
E. Azithromycin
Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections, including staphylococcal infections, such as those associated with diabetic foot infections and osteomyelitis. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
Mr Andrews has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and commenced on a basal-bolus insulin regimen.
Which of the following insulins is an example of a bolus insulin?
A. Tresiba®
B. Humulin I®
C. Humulin M3®
D. Fiasp®
E. Lantus®
Fiasp
Mr Mohammed is commenced on digoxin for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. He is counselled on the new medication.
Which of the following is not a side effect of digoxin?
A. Vision disorders
B. Nausea
C. Depression
D. Increased appetite
E. Thrombocytopenia
Increased appetite
Adam Smith is 15 years old and has been prescribed aspirin. The consultant explained to him that aspirin is normally not recommended for patients his age, however, due to his condition it can be used.
Which condition was Adam Smith likely diagnosed with?
A. Hashimotos disease
B. Kawasaki disease
C. Disseminated intravascular coagulation D. Graves’ disease
E. Unstable angina
Kawasaki disease
Mr Smith has been diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The consultant would like to prescribe a glycopeptide for his treatment.
Which of the following antibiotics is an example of a glycopeptide?
A. Fidaxomicin
B. Azithromycin
C. Gentamicin
D. Teicoplanin
E. Streptomycin
The correct answer is D. Teicoplanin.
Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is used to treat serious infections, including infective endocarditis, especially when caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species.
Miss Alison has been prescribed an antibiotic, the nurse administered the antibiotic too quickly and they have noticed erythema on her face, neck and upper torso.
Which of the following antibiotics is likely to be responsible for her reaction?
A. Clarithromycin
B. Clindamycin
C. Vancomycin
D. Gentamicin
E. Amoxicillin
Vancomycin is known to cause a side effect called “Red Man Syndrome,” which typically occurs when the antibiotic is administered too quickly via intravenous infusion. The symptoms of Red Man Syndrome include erythema (redness) of the face, neck, and upper torso, often accompanied by itching and sometimes hypotension. This reaction is due to histamine release
Mr Smith, a 47-year-old patient, presents to the accident and emergency department due to an overdose of morphine. He is assessed by the medical team and the decision has been made to prescribe Mr Smith an antidote.
Which of the following is a suitable antidote for Mr Smith?
A. Activated charcoal
B. Acetylcysteine
C. Procyclidine hydrochloride D. Naloxone hydrochloride
E. Flumazenil
Naloxone
Mr Smith, a 55-year-old patient, is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and commenced on a new medication. He is advised by the medical team that the medication may remain in his body for several weeks or even months after the medication has been stopped.
Which of the following medications is he likely to have been prescribed?
A. Bisoprolol
B. Digoxin
C. Amiodarone
D. Aspirin
E. Propranolol
Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication that is known for having a long half-life. It can remain in the body for several weeks or even months after it has been stopped due to its slow elimination from tissues, particularly the liver and fat stores. This prolonged presence is because of its very long half-life (around 58 days), and it can accumulate in the body with prolonged use
Mr Harrison is diagnosed with pituitary diabetes insipidus and the plan has been made to commence treatment.
Which of the following medications is a suitable treatment for pituitary diabetes insipidus?
A. Triamcinolone
B. Metformin
C. Desmopressin
D. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate
E. Dexamethasone
Desmopressin
Mr Hameed is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and is commenced on a new medication. Since starting the new medication he has noticed he is experiencing a sore throat and has mouth ulcers.
Which medication has he likely been prescribed?
A. Propylthiouracil B. Levothyroxine
C. Liothyronine
D. Carbimazole
E. Naloxone
Carbimazole
Mrs Berry, a 47-year-old patient, walks into your community pharmacy. She has noticed, since starting a new medication, her urine is a red-brownish colour and is quite concerned.
Which of her following medication is likely to be causing this side effect?
A. Ramipril
B. Atorvastatin
C. Senna
D. Nefopam
E. Caspofungin
Senna
Senna is a stimulant laxative that is commonly used for constipation. One of its side effects is that it can cause a red-brown discoloration of the urine. This happens due to the compounds in Senna (anthraquinones) being metabolized and excreted in the urine, which can lead to this discoloration. This is harmless and resolves once the medication is stopped.
