Q - Chapter 3 Flashcards
Cells and Tissues
- A physiologist observes that the concentration of sodium inside a cell is decidedly lower than that outside the cell. Sodium diffuses easily across the plasma membrane of such cells when they are dead, but not when they are alive. What cellular function that is lacking in dead cells explains the difference?
a) osmosis
b) diffusion
c) active transport (solute pumping)
d) dialysis
c) active transport (solute pumping)
- The major types of lipid found in the plasma membranes are (choose two)
a) cholesterol
b) triglycerides
c) phospholipids
d) fat-soluble vitamins
a) cholesterol
c) phospholipids
- The smallest unit capable of life by itself is
a) organ
b) organelle
c) tissue
d) cell
e) nucleus
d) cell
- The nuclear substance composed of histone proteins and DNA is
a) chromatin
b) nucleolus
c) nucleoplasm
d) nuclear pores
a) chromatin
- Which is not true of centrioles?
a) They start to duplicate in G1
b) They lie in the centrosome
c) They are made of microtubules
d) They are membrane-walled barrels lying parallel to each other.
d) They are membrane-walled barrels lying parallel to each other.
- The nurse knows that the cause of mutations may be
a) X-rays
b) certain chemicals
c) radiation from ionizing radioisotopes
d) all of these
d) all of these
- The term used to describe the type of solution in which cells will lose water to their environment is
a) isotonic
b) hypertonic
c) hypotonic
d) catatonic
b) hypertonic
- Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages?
a) exocytosis
b) phagocytosis
c) pinocytosis
d) intracellular vesicular trafficking
b) phagocytosis
- The endocytotic process in which a sampling of particulate matter is engulfed and brought into the cell is called
a) phagocytosis
b) pinocytosis
c) exocytosis
d) active transport
a) phagocytosis
- Which type of cell junction acts as anchors and distributes tension through a cellular sheet, reducing the chance of tearing when it is subjected to great mechanical stress?
a) gap junctions
b) desmosomes
c) connexons
d) tight junctions
b) desmosomes
- Membrane junctions that allow nutrients or ions to flow from cell to cell are
a) desmosomes
b) gap junctions
c) tight junctions
d) all of these
b) gap junctions
- The blast cell for blood production is the
a) osteoblast
b) chondroblast
c) hemocytoblast
d) fibroblast
c) hemocytoblast
- The phase of mitosis during which centrioles reach the poles and chromosomes attach to the spindle is
a) anaphase
b) metaphase
c) prophase
d) telophase
c) prophase
- In this stage of mitosis, the identical sets of chromosomes uncoil and resume their chromatin form.
a) prophase
b) metaphase
c) anaphase
d) telophase
d) telophase
- If DNA has a sequence of AAA, then a segment of mRNA synthesized on it will have a sequence of
a) TTT
b) UUU
c) GGG
d) CCC
b) UUU
- The RNA synthesized on one of the DNA strands is
a) mRNA
b) tRNA
c) rRNA
d) all of these
d) all of these
- The RNA species that travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm carrying the coded message specifying the sequence of amino acids in the protein to be made is
a) mRNA
b) tRNA
c) rRNA
d) all of these
a) mRNA
- Which of the following is not a role of cell adhesion molecules?
a) anchor the cells to molecules in the extracellular space and to each other
b) mechanical sensors
c) initiators of cell-to-cell signaling for the muscle contraction
d) transmitters of intracellular signals that direct cell migration, proliferation, and specialization
c) initiators of cell-to-cell signaling for the muscle contraction
- Edema occurs when
a) areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area
b) adipose cells enlarge by pinocytosis
c) collagen fibers enlarge as they change from dehydrated to hydrated shape
d) reticular connective tissue invades the are
a) areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area
- The tissue that enables us to be aware of the external environment and to react to it
a) connective tissue
b) epithelium
c) muscle
d) nervous tissue
d) nervous tissue
- Which tissue type arises from all three embryonic germ layers?
a) epithelial tissue
b) connective tissue
c) nervous tissue
d) muscle tissue
a) epithelial tissue
- Tissue type composed largely of nonliving extracellular matrix; important in protection and support.
a) connective tissue
b) epithelium
c) muscle
d) nervous tissue
a) connective tissue
- The tissue is immediately responsible for body movement.
a) connective tissue
b) epithelium
c) muscle
d) nervous tissue
c) muscle
- The tissue that lines body cavities and covers surfaces.
a) connective tissue
b) epithelium
c) muscle
d) nervous tissue
b) epithelium
