Q - Chapter 2

Question 1

1. The subatomic particles responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are

a) electrons
b) ions
c) neutrons
d) protons

Answer 1

a) electrons

Question 2

2. In a beaker of water, the water-water bonds can properly be called

a) ionic bonds
b) polar covalent bonds
c) nonpolar covalent bonds
d) hydrogen bonds

Answer 2

d) hydrogen bonds

Question 3

3. The mass number of an atom is

a) equal to the number of protons it contains
b) the sum of its protons and neutrons
c) the sum of all of its subatomic particles
d) the average of the mass number s of all of its isotopes

Answer 3

b) the sum of its protons and neutrons

Question 4

4. A deficiency in this element can be expected to reduce the hemoglobin content of blood

a) Fe
b) I
c) F
d) Ca
e) K

Answer 4

a) Fe

Question 5

5. Factors that accelerate the rate of chemical reactions include all but

a) the presence of catalysts
b) increasing the temperature
c) increasing the particle size
d) increasing the concentration of the reactants

Answer 5

c) increasing the particle size

Question 6

6. When a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms, the bond formed is called

a) a single covalent bond
b) a double covalent bond
c) a triple covalent bond
d) an ionic bond

Answer 6

a) a single covalent bond

Question 7

7. Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nerve impulses?

a) Fe
b) I
c) P
d) Na

Answer 7

d) Na

Question 8

8. A triglyceride consists of

a) glycerol plus three fatty acids
b) a sugar-phosphate backbone to which two amino groups are attached
c) two to several hexoses
d) amino acids that have been thoroughly saturated with hydrogen

Answer 8

a) glycerol plus three fatty acids

Question 9

9. Water’s importance to living systems reflects

a) its polarity and solvent properties
b) its high heat capacity
c) its high heat of vaporization
d) its chemical reactivity
e) all of these

Answer 9

e) all of these

Question 10

10. Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids

a) Three forms exist: DNA, RNA, and tDNA
b) DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases
c) RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C
d) tDNA is considered a molecular slave of DNA during protein synthesis

Answer 10

b) DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases

Question 11

11. Which of the following reactions will usually be irreversible regarding chemical equilibrium in human bodies?

a) glucose to CO2 and H2O
b) ADP + Pi to make ATP
c) H2O + CO2 to make H2CO3
d) glucose molecules joined to make glycogen

Answer 11

a) glucose to CO2 and H2O

Question 12

12. You notice that you cannot read your book through a test tube or patient fluid held against the print, as the text appears to be very blurred. There is no precipitant in the bottom of the beaker, though it has been sitting on a rack for several days. What type of liquid is this?

a) solution
b) suspension
c) colloid
d) mixture

Answer 12

c) colloid

Question 13

13. Molecules formed when electrons are shared unequally are

a) salts
b) polar molecules
c) nonpolar molecules

Answer 13

b) polar molecules

Question 14

14. The lipid(s) used as the basis of vitamin D, sex hormones, and bile salts is/are

a) triglycerides
b) cholesterol
c) phospholipids
d) prostaglandin

Answer 14

b) cholesterol

Question 15

15. Which set of terms best describes a proton?

a) negative charge, massless, in the orbital
b) positive charge, 1 amu, in the nucleus
c) uncharged, 1 amu, in the nucleus

Answer 15

b) positive charge, 1 amu, in the nucleus

Question 16

16. Which of the following molecules is an inorganic molecule

a) sucrose
b) cholesterol
c) collagen
d) sodium chloride

Answer 16

d) sodium chloride

Question 17

17. In the body, carbohydrates are stored in the form of

a) glycogen
b) starch
c) cholesterol
d) polypeptides

Answer 17

a) glycogen

Question 18

18. A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with what?

a) the release of energy
b) the consumption of energy
c) a synthesis
d) forming a larger molecule

Answer 18

a) the release of energy

Question 19

19. Acids

a) release hydroxyl ions when dissolved in water
b) are proton acceptors
c) cause the pH of a solution to rise
d) release protons when dissolved in water

Answer 19

d) release protons when dissolved in water

Question 20

20. All of the following are examples of the four major elements contributing to body mass except

a) hydrogen
b) carbon
c) nitrogen
d) sodium
e) oxygen

Answer 20

d) sodium

Question 21

21. A chemist, during the course of an analysis, runs across a chemical composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the proportion 1:2:1 and having a six-sided molecular shape. It is probably

a) pentose
b) amino acid
c) fatty acid
d) monosaccharide
e) nucleic acid

Answer 21

d) monosaccharide

Question 22

22. What is DNA

Answer 22

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 23

23. Increase the rate of chemical reactions

Answer 23

Enzyme

Question 24

24. Chemical energy used by all cells

Answer 24

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 25

25. Long, branching chains of linked simple sugars

Answer 25

Polysaccharides

Question 26

26. Form Genes

Answer 26

Nucleic Acid

Question 27

27. Single-chain or single-ring structures. Examples are glucose (blood sugar), fructose, galactose, ribose, deoxyribose

Answer 27

Monosaccharides

Question 28

28. Charged “head” region interacts with water and ions while fatty acid chains “tails” do not. Form cell membranes.

Answer 28

Phospholipids

Question 29

29. Contain one or more double covalent bonds, causing chains to kink. “Heart-healthy”

Answer 29

Unsaturated Fats

Question 30

30. Formed of four interlocking rings

Answer 30

Steroids