Q 3: Scotchguard

Question 1

Risk-Benefit

Answer 1

Most resources we use come with a risk, yet the benefit is enough to ignore.

Question 2

PFO

Answer 2

Perfluorinated chemicals

Question 3

The Janus affect

Answer 3

yin and yang- two sided aspects

Question 4

PCB example

Answer 4

electric tranfusors

Question 5

Chloro-fluorocarbons ex

Answer 5

killer refrigerator

Question 6

Perfluoroctane sulfonate

Answer 6

-very persistent, doesn’t break down
-Banned Globally
-PFOS
-Can’t be metabolized by animals or bacteria
-doesnt fertilize(break down in light)
PFOS is a fatty acid analogue
Not metabolized
Amphiphilic
Terminal degradation product of many chemicals
Preferentially retained in plasma and liver
binds to protein
Affects membranes
-Fatty acid analog, seen by body as naturally occurring
- does very well in blocking water and grease
-bind to proteins not fat like others
- Utilized to coat paper and packaging in PFOS wax
- Microwave popcorn had it in paper

Question 7

Major uses of PFOS in _____ and ______.

Answer 7

Carpeting and Microchips

Question 8

___% of PFOS was leaked from carpet

Answer 8

10

Question 9

Mechanisms of dispersion

Answer 9

Methyl- and Ethyl-FOSE alcohols are more volatile and likely moved in atmosphere
Released during manufacture as well as 1-3% residual in products
Accumulated into aquatic organisms and into predators and transformed into PFOS

Question 10

What needed to be done?

Answer 10

Develop and validate analytical methods
Conduct global survey
Determine Critical Mechanism of Toxic Action
Conduct Global Risk Assessment
Present Information to Regulators
All of this was done within one year