Pyruvate Metabolism Flashcards
Pyruvate can become:
1) Lactic acid
2) Acetyl-CoA
3) Alanine
4) Oxaloacetate
Which path does pyruvate take if no oxygen is present (anaerobic pathway)?
Lactic acid pathway
Which enzyme converts Pyruvate to Lactic acid?
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
When is Lactate Dehydrogenase most active?
Low O2 states:
1) Infection
2) Hypoxia/Ischemia
3) Heart failure
In which tissues does Pyruvate primarily convert to Lactic acid?
1) Testes
2) Lens
3) WBCs
3) Cornea
4) Medulla (Kidney)
5) RBCs
(Think Lactate When You Can’t Make Respirations)
Which enzyme converts Pyruvate to Alanine? (Alanine Aminotransferase Pathway)
ALT
Which cofactor is used in the Alanine Aminotransferase Pathway? (Pyruvate -> Alanine)
B6
Why does the Cahill Cycle exist?
Because Pyruvate can’t jump between muscle to liver = disguise Pyruvate as Alanine or Glucose
What is the main goal of the Cahill Cycle?
Recycle carbons between muscles and liver
The conversion of pyruvate to alanine takes place in the:
Muscle
Which cofactor is required in the conversion of Pyruvate to Alanine?
Glutamate
In the conversion of Pyruvate to Alanine, Glutamate becomes:
Alpha-Ketoglutarate
Pyruvate + ___ = Alanine + ___
Glutamate; Alpha-Ketoglutarate
Once Alanine goes into the liver, what happens?
The opposite of what happened in the muscle (Alanine + Alpha-Ketoglutarate = Pyruvate + Glutamate)
The conversion of pyruvate to glucose takes place in the:
Liver
The glucose produced in the liver can then go to the:
Muscle
Which enzyme converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate?
Pyruvate Carboxylase
Which cofactor does Pyruvate Carboxylase require?
Biotin (B7)
Which cofactor does Pyruvate Carboxylase require?
Biotin (B7)
What is the goal for converting Pyruvate to Oxaloacetate?
Oxaloacetate can enter:
1) Gluconeogenesis
2) TCA/Krebs Cycle
Which enzyme converts Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA?
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
Why is the conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA the most important one?
Because without this conversion, we can’t make Acetyl-CoA, and without Acetyl-CoA we can’t enter the TCA/Krebs Cycle.
Why is the conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA the most important one?
Because without this conversion, we can’t make Acetyl-CoA, and without Acetyl-CoA we can’t enter the TCA/Krebs Cycle.
Which cofactors are required for Pyruvate Dehydrogenase to work?
1) B1
2) B2
3) B3
4) B5
5) Lipoic Acid
Which 2 Pyruvate conversions are IRREVERSIBLE?
1) Oxaloacetate
2) Acetyl-CoA
Pyruvate’s conversions to Lactic acid and Alanine take place in the:
Cytosol
Pyruvate’s conversions to Oxaloacetate and Acetyl-CoA take place in the:
Mitochondria
Which of Pyruvate’s conversions take place in the cytosol?
1) Alanine
2) Lactic Acid
