PW Bohta- Total Strategy Flashcards
What was PW Bohta Total strategy
After Soweto Uprising government changed strategy
Total onslaught- tatic to use cold war rhetroic to strengthen national party position
mix reforms and repression and reforms in order to strenthen rule
Why did Pw implement limited reforms
aimed at winning the hearts and minds of the of the black middle class
Why did PW Bohta legalise trade unions?
-increase resistance by 1976
South Africa under increases pressure to reform
-It was the governments attempts to reform- winning the hearts and minds
-Business learders realised that their was a need for a reliable form of communication
-Economic issues challenging the Apartheid government
-Wiehahn Commission proposed the legalisation of trade unions 1979
-Creation of the Federation of South African Trade Unions (FOSATU)
− Congress of South African Trade Unions launched in Durban in 1985
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How did Trade Unions challenge the government in the 1980s?
-trade unions helped organize protests and strike action on a national basis and helped destabilase np economically
- formation COSATU in 1985, allowed trade unions member to become a powerful political force due to uniting on a national base
-1983, become more politically involved
- many joined the UDF
-1987 COSATU adopted the freedom charter
-trade unions called for an end of apartied, unbanning of political parties
-COSATU launched launched living wage campagin
-1987 2million people support MAY DAY stay away
-COSATU organised biggest strike in 1986 – 1.5 million workers
-National Union of Mine Workers (NUM) organised major strikes in 1984/1985 –
impact on mining significant owing to SA economic reliance
-* ‘rolling mass action’ – lost work days and stoppages impacted industrial output
What impact did Trade Unions have on South Africa in 1980s?
destabilase economy - strike action
unions applease pass laws, 1984 trade unions applying pressure, urged powerful employers to urge government to abolish the pass laws.
- growing power of unions key reason for scrapping of pass laws in 1986
-Strikes and stay-aways destabilised the economy
− Industrial output dropped – government undermined
− Foreign investment withdrawn – increased unemployment – further pressure
on government
* Trade unions participated in civil disobedience of 1980s – supported UDF
Why did PW Botha form the Tricameral Parliament in 1983
- By 1980s- mounting internal and international resistance againist apartied
- building trade union opposotion
-mass protets in townships
-National party sees need for reform in the face of increase pressure
-make apartied more acceptable - winning hearts and minds
-win indian and coloured communities while still retaining white rule
-each house would control their own affairs (education and housing)
How did the Tricameral parliament attempt to reform apartheid in south Africa in the 1980s
3 houses
house of assembly- for whites (175)
-House of representative - coloureds (85)
-House of Delegates- indian (45)
- each house handle own affairs (education and housing)
-multiracial presidents council
-advise the states president
executive state president elected by multiracial electoral college
- Black only represation in homeland system and local government in townships
How did the Tricameral Parliament oppose Apartied in the in the 1980s
formation of UDF mitchells plain Cape town 1983
-supported by the ANC based policy on freedom charter
-UDF intensifies struggle againist apartied on a national scale
-united a wide range on opposition over 700 affiliates (trade unions,students and business organisations) - non racial approach
-Tricameral elections boycotted
-UDF maintained resistance 1984-1986 township revolt, become nationwide rolling mass action (dismantle apartied)
-UDF promoted rent, school and consumer boycottes and worker stay-aways
- UDF worked closly with civics
-‘Don’t Vote Campaign’ in 1983
-UDF banned in 1988 – replaced by Mass Democratic Movement
-1985- 3 miilion supportes
What were community councils
(1982 Black Authorities act)
reform, in attempt to satisfy black poltical demands
-community councils would administer townships
-community councils could be elected by local residents and were responsible for collecting rent and service payments
What was the impact of community councils in South Africa
-led to the establishment of civics
-civics acted a s pressure groups on authorites to improve facilities (rent boycotts, consumer boycotts and worker stay aways)
- civis targeted community councillors and black police accusing them on collaboriting with the government
-Community councils rejectted
-Civis took over township adminstration and justice and formed peoples courts reffered to peoples power (actions of civics violent, necklacing)
What was the impact of the Mass democratic movement
1989- banned ANC called for ‘year of mass action’
-UDF and COSATU core members
-launched a defiance campaign
-call to end of segregation
-widespread worker stay away to boycott tricameral election in Sep 1989
-3 mili people stayed away
-ignored government
-displayed ANC flag distributing literuture
-organised huge freedom marches
What was the End conscription campaign and its aims
Formed in response to increased conscription in 1983
* Called for:
− end to conscription
− ‘troops out of the townships’ viz 1985 campaign
− end to Border War in Angola
-movement affiliated to the UDF
How did the ECC oppose the apartied system
-ecc encouraged white men to reuse to fight in SADF
-initiated awareness campaigns at white schools and universities
* protested cadet system
-8 000 failed to register for January call-up in 1985
* ECC banned in 1988
-supported refusal to military service for moral or religious reason
-ECC leaders went on hunger strikes
-build anti- war culture among white men
What was the Black Sash and its aims
-affiliated to the UDF
-Formed in 1955 by white women to protest apartied laws
How did the black Sash oppose the the apartied system
- legal advise to monitor courts and offer help when individuals were unjustly denied their rights
-support to detainees, political prisoners and their families
-focused on welfare issues such as housing and chile support
-transval action committee and national land comitee
-encouraged black women to contest laws ans custons - ## silent protests
