PVD Flashcards
The peripheral vascular system is composed of what?
- arteries
- Veins
- Capillaries
- Lymphatics
What is the fxn of arteries?
receive O2-rich blood from the heart and carry it to the organs tissues of the body
What causes the arteries to expand and contract?
pulses which is created by ventricular systole
What are locations to assess to pulse?
- carotid
- brachial
- ulnar
- rad
- popliteal
- femoral
- posterior tibial
- dorsalis pedis
What is the fxn of the veins?
deliver de-O2 blood from the body periphery back to the heart
What are some difference between veins and arteries?
veins have valves, thinner walls, and a larger diameter than arteries
What occurs if there a problem with the lumen or valves of the leg veins?
stasis or pooling of blood in the veins of the lower extremities
What is the fxn of the capillaries?
gas and nutrient exchange between arterial and venous systems
List the lymphoid organs
- tonsils
- spleen
- thymus gland
- appendix
Where does the right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct collect lymph from?
the R lymphatic duct collects lymph from the R upper extremity and the thoracic duct collects lymph from the remaining part of the body
What are the 3 main fxns of the Peripheral vascular system?
- delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues of the body
- transporting CO2 and other waste products from the tissues for excretion
- removing pathogens from the body fluid by filtering lymph
When should you take the BP of an infant less than 1?
if the infant is lethargic and tires easily during feeding or if the skin becomes cyanotic while crying
How should you take the bp of an infant less than 1 if you need to?
use the Doppler flowmeter
In younger children where should you place the BP cuff?
on the thigh to rule out a significant diff between upper and lower extremity pressures
How does aging affect the peripheral vascular system?
- arteriosclerosis or calcification of the walls of the blood vessels
- arterial walls lose elasticity and become more rigid
What is lymphedema?
unilateral swelling associated w/ an obstruction in lymph nodes
What is DVT?
occlusion of a deep vein by a thrombus
What is the biggest concern when a pt has DVT?
the thrombus becoming an embolus and traveling to the lungs resulting in a PE
What is arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula)?
an abnormal connection between an artery and vein
When is AV fistula surgically formed?
for a pt who has kidney dialysis to prevent the pt to being stuck every time they go to dialysis also allow easy access to the site
Derrick comes into the clinic with unilateral edema in L leg, low-grade fever, and tachycardia. He is c/o of increased pain with sharp dorsiflexion and pain in his calf. What do you know his Si/Sx are associated w/?
DVT
Hazel comes into the clinic with limited range of motion in her R arm, edema in her R arm, R arm skin is thick and hard. She is c/o of discomfort and sensation of heaviness or tightness in the R arm. When you inspect you notice her R arm is significantly swelled compared to the L arm. What do you think is going on?
lympedema
Raynaud’s Disease
a condition in which the arterioles in the fingers develop spasms, causing intermittent skin pallor or cyanosis and then rubor.
Heather calls c/o of aching, burning, heaviness, and tiredness in her L left. Her left leg is also very itchy. She says she is a cashier. You tell her to come into the clinic what do you expect to see? What are her Si/Sx associated w/?
I would expect to see the following in varicose veins
- distended, twisted veins near the sin surface
- edema in feet or ankles
- skin changes (discoloration, dryness, scaling)
- skin ulceration
- bleeding after minor trauma
