Breasts and Axillae

Question 1

What is fibrocystic breast disease?

Answer 1

one of the most common benign breast problems which is a thickening of the breast tissue

Question 2

If a female pt shows signs of soft breast lumps and freely movable during palpation with clear or green discharge and cysts in the upper outer quadrant with c/o of breast tenderness that begins immediately during menses, but is resolved after. What is this called?

Answer 2

fibrocystic breast disease

Question 3

What is fibroadenoma?

Answer 3

a benign tumor of the glandular tissue of the breast which most common adolescent girls and women under 30

Question 4

A 15 yr old comes into the clinic with a presence of well-defined, round, firm tumors that move freely and a single tumor in upper quadrant and asymptomatic, what is the Dx?

Answer 4

fibroadenoma

Question 5

Enlargement of male breasts

Answer 5

gynecomastia

Question 6

Causes of gynecomastia

Answer 6

1. at birth: response to maternal hormones
2. over 50 due to pituitary gland
3. males taking estrogenic meds for prostate cancer

Question 7

What are some Si/Sx of gynecomatia

Answer 7

1. swelling of breast tissue
2. if occurs secondary: hyperthyroidism
   Swelling of breast tissue and pain or tenderness in breast tissue

Question 8

Inflammation of the lactiferous ducts behind the nipple

Answer 8

Mammary duct ectasia

Question 9

Sara shows up with breast tenderness or inflammation of the clogged duct with c/o of thick, sticky nipple discharge and nipple retraction, what is your concern?

Answer 9

mammary duct ectasia

Question 10

Lela has one or more lumps in the breast with nipple discharge with c/o of breast enlargement and breast pain. Also she tapped her nipple and there was leakage of blood. What are her Sx/Si associated w/?

Answer 10

intraductal papilloma

Question 11

What is screening for breast cancer?

Answer 11

physical examination and mammography

Question 12

After screening Karen is positive Dx of cancer, what is the next step?

Answer 12

histologic exam with an open or closed need biopsy

Question 13

Tx for breast cancer

Answer 13

• surgery
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• or combination

Question 14

Si/Sx of breast cancer

Answer 14

1. breast lump or thickening of local area of breast tissue
2. Dimpling of the skin over the tumor
3. Deviation of the breast or nipple from its normal alignment
4. Nipple retraction (flattens or turns upward)
5. Edema
6. Discharge

Question 15

What are some c/o of a pr w/ breast cancer?

Answer 15

• perceived breast size change
• change in breast shape
• breast and/or nipple tenderness
• nipple itching

Question 16

Tiny growths of epithelial cells that project into the lumen of the lactiferous ducts

Answer 16

Intraductal papilloma

Question 17

What type of women are more prone to get intraductal papilloma?

Answer 17

• pregnant women
• lactating women
• menopausal women

Question 18

T/F If Penelope’s mom had breast cancer, her risk for breast cancers doubles her chances

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What are the genetic proteins are mutated to show breast cancer?

Answer 19

BRCA1 and BRAC2

Question 20

Predispositions of male breast cancer

Answer 20

• radiation exposure
• cirrhosis
• estrogen meds

Question 21

T/F men who are diagnosed an any stage of breast cancer have a high likelihood of being cured?

Answer 21

False, in the early stage

Question 22

T/F Men breast cancer is not diagnosed until the disease is more advanced

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Si/Sx of male carcinoma

Answer 23

• breast lump
• bloody or clear nipple
• swelling of breast tissue
• dimpling of the breast skin
• nipple inversion
• scaling, peeling or flaking of the nipple or breast skin
• redness or pitting of the breast skin