Eye

Question 1

Mydriasis

Answer 1

enlarging of the pupil due to a dim light

Question 2

Miosis

Answer 2

decreasing of the pupil size due to a bright light

Question 3

What is another name for the optic disc?

Answer 3

the blind spot

Question 4

Normal refractive condition of the eye

Answer 4

Emmetropia

Question 5

Another name for nearsightedness

Answer 5

Myopia

Question 6

Define Myopia

Answer 6

a condition in which the light rays focus in front of the retina

Question 7

Another name for farsightedness

Answer 7

Hyperopia

Question 8

Define Hyperopia

Answer 8

the light rays focus behind the retina

Question 9

At what age does 20/20 vision occur?

Answer 9

age 7

Question 10

At what age do the color of the eyes begin to change to a more permanent shade?

Answer 10

3rd mo of age

Question 11

Another term for vision in both eyes

Answer 11

binocular vision

Question 12

At what age do the eyes reach adult size?

Answer 12

8 yrs of age

Question 13

While examining the eye you notice a glowing red color filling the pupil, what is this called?

Answer 13

red reflex

Question 14

You examine the eye of another child and notice the red reflex is actually white, what does this indicate?

Answer 14

congenital cataracts

Question 15

What disease is associated with infants and preschool children that have a “white glow” in the pupil?

Answer 15

retinoblastoma

Question 16

Why do preggerz women describe visual changes?

Answer 16

shifting fluid in the cornea

Question 17

How do the eyes change in the older adult?

Answer 17

1. Xanthelasma
2. Pingueculae
3. Pyterygium
4. Prebyopia
5. Arcus sensilis
6. Macular degeneration

Question 18

Xanthelasma

Answer 18

soft, yellow plaques on lids at inner canthus

Question 19

Pingueculae

Answer 19

yellowish nodules, thickened areas of bulbar conjunctive

Question 20

Causes of Pingueculae

Answer 20

Prolong sun exposure to sun, wind, and dust

Question 21

Ptyergyium

Answer 21

opacity of bulbar/ocular conjunctiva

Question 22

What is the difference between Pingueculae and Pyyergyium?

Answer 22

pingueculae does not grow over the cornea and the pterygium

Question 23

What is you technique for assessment if the eye?

Answer 23

1. inspection

2. palpation

Question 24

How do you inspect the external eye?

Answer 24

1. Distances between palpebral fissures and equal

2. Eyelids symmetrically cover the eyeballs when closed

Question 25

Normal findings of the irises

Answer 25

round and same color

Question 26

Normal findings of the lens

Answer 26

clear and sclera white

Question 27

Normal findings of the conjunctiva

Answer 27

moist and clear with small blood vessels

Question 28

How do you inspect the cornea?

Answer 28

shine penlight from the side across the cornea

Question 29

What about the eyebrows is related to hypothyroidism?

Answer 29

absence of lateral 3rd of eyebrow

Question 30

What does the absence of eyelashes indicate?

Answer 30

plucking or pulling assoc. with OCD

Question 31

What causes edema in the eyelids?

Answer 31

- allergies - <3 disease - kidney disease

Question 32

What does the inability to move the eyelids indicate?

Answer 32

dysfxn of NS including facial nerve paralysis

Question 33

What does it mean if the illuminated pupil fails to constrict?

Answer 33

theres a defect in the direct pupillary response

Question 34

What does it mean if the unillluminated pupil fails to constrict?

Answer 34

there is a defect in the consensual response controlled by CN II

Question 35

How do you palpate the eye?

Answer 35

1. close both eyes 2. Using 2 to 3 fingers, palpate lacrimal sacs, eyelids, and erythematous areas 3. Confirm no swelling, tenderness, and eyeballs feel firm

Question 36

What does the denominator mean in the Snellen test?

Answer 36

distance at which a person w/ normal vision can read the 1st line

Question 37

What does the numerator mean in the Snellen test?

Answer 37

a numerator is the distance from the chart (20ft)

Question 38

What is the purpose of the Rosenbaum Chart?

Answer 38

testing near vision

Question 39

What is the purpose of the Confrontation test?

Answer 39

measures peripheral vision compared to examiner. Assuming the examiner has normal vision

Question 40

What is the extraocular movements?

Answer 40

testing the 6 fields of cardinal gaze

Question 41

What is the weakness extraocular muscles or CN III called?

Answer 41

nystagmus

Question 42

What is the purpose of the Cover/uncover test?

Answer 42

determines the balance mechanism (fusion reflex)

Question 43

Blepharitis

Answer 43

inflammation of the eyelids by stap infxn leading to red, scaly and crusted lids

Question 44

Chalazion

Answer 44

firm nontender nodule on the eyelid; not painful unless inflamed

Question 45

This is the result of a staph infxn of hair follicles

Answer 45

hordeloum or stye

Question 46

Refraction of light spread over a wide area rather than a distinct point on the retina

Answer 46

Astigmatism

Question 47

Adie's Pupil

Answer 47

sluggish pupillary response due to PS nerves that innervate the eye

Question 48

Argyll Robertson

Answer 48

small irregular pupils occurring with CNS disorder (tumor, syphilis, narcotic use)

Question 49

unequal pupillary size eyes either normal or CNS disease

Answer 49

Anisocoria

Question 50

What is the result cranial nerve III damage?

Answer 50

results in a unilateral dilated pupil, no rxn to light and ptosis

Question 51

Horner's Syndrome

Answer 51

blockage of SNS stimulation causing ptois and anhidrosis

Question 52

If a pt has an eye longer than normal what should you consider?

Answer 52

myopia

Question 53

If a pt has a shorter eye than normal what should you consider?

Answer 53

hyperopia