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Renal II Exam 1 > Puthoff Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Puthoff Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Berger disease?

Damage is limited to where?

A

Renal IgA nephropathy

Glomerulus

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3
Q

What is an IgG plasma malignancy with Kappa light chains?

What are the light chain deposits called?

A

Multiple myeloma

Bence-Jones

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4
Q

HIV patients with FSGS most likely to develop what?

More common in who?

A

Collapsing variant

Blacks

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7
Q

What disease shows a tri chrome stain (blue) with replacement of virtually all glomeruli?

A

Chronic glomerulonephritis

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8
Q

Membranous Glomerulopathy has involvement with what?

A

MAC

IgG4

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9
Q

Morphology of Membranous Glomerulopathy?

A

Spike and dome appearance on Silver stain

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10
Q

People with CKD have a high prevalence of what?

Associated with what?

Increased risk for what?

A

Hyperhomocysteinemia

Folate deficiency

Stroke

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11
Q

What disease is characterized IgA nephropathy and systemic disease?

What symptoms?

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)

Purpura, abdominal viscera

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14
Q

What is the Pathogenesis of MPGN type II?

Means what?

A

C3NeF nephritic factor

Decreased serum C3
Increased C1q and C4

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15
Q

What is described by uremia, persistent albuminuria, that may be clinically silent?

A

Chronic kidney disease

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18
Q

What is the most common cause of ESRD?

2nd?

A

Diabetes

HTN

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19
Q

What clinical finding characterizes MPGN type I?

Type II?

A

Proteinuria

Hematuria

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20
Q

Name the 3 types of RPGN and give examples

A

1 - anti-GBM antibody (Goodpasture)
2 - immune complex (lupus)
3 - Pauci-immune (ANCA)

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21
Q

What disease has characteristic “tram tracking”?

A

MPGN type I

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22
Q

What disease shows Mesangial cellular proliferation and IgA deposition on IF?

A

IgA nephropathy

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24
Q

What disease is characterized by in situ immune complex formation of PLA2R antigen?

A

Membranous nephropathy

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25
Q

Morphology of RPGN?

3 main things

A

Crescent shape of visceral and parietal epithelial cells
Obliteration of urinary space
Infiltrates of macrophages and leukocytes

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28
Q

DDD occurs how?

What type is it?

A

Primary renal disease in children

MPGN type II

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31
Q

What are the 3 major pathologic responses of the glomerulus to injury?

A

Hypercellularity
BM thickening/deposition
Hyalinosis and sclerosis

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32
Q

What is the most common cause of Nephro sclerosis in U.S. Adults?

Who is there a greater incidence in?

A

primary FSGS

Hispanics, Blacks

35
Q

What defines uremia?

A

Azotemia plus clinical findings

36
Q

What characterizes ESRD?

A

GFR

37
Q

3 major characteristics of nephritic syndrome

A

Hematuria
HTN
Mild-moderate proteinuria

39
Q

What disease is subepithelial humps found in?

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

41
Q

Treatment for anti-glomerular BM disease?

A

Plasmapheresis

42
Q

what does EM of RPGN show?

A

GBM disruption

Fibrin

43
Q

What disease occurs mostly in older children and younger adult males with a family history component that has hematuria following a uri?

Know associations with gluten enteropathy and liver disease?

A

IgA nephropathy

44
Q

Diffuse proliferative GN is characterized by what?

A

Hypercellularity

Leukocyte infiltration

46
Q

What are the 2 most common etiologies of nephrotic syndromes in systemic diseases?

A

DM

SLE

47
Q

What are the 6 main nephrotic syndromes?

Think of groups of 2 like in pathoma

A

MCD and FSGS
Membranous and Membranoproliferative GN

DM and systemic amyloidosis

48
Q

Membranous Glomerulopathy changes to the structure of the kidney?

A

Effaced foot processes
thickened GBM
Subepithelial deposits (IgG)

49
Q

MPGN type I has what clinical presentation?

EM shows what?

Light microscopy shows what?

A

Mixed - hematuria and proteinuria

Subendothelial deposits

Mesangial cell proliferation

50
Q

Acute proliferative GN occurs in who and because of what?

A

Children ages 6-10
Due to Group A beta-hemolytic strep infection

1-4 weeks following pharyngitis

51
Q

What are common causes of secondary MPGN type I?

Prognosis?

A

Hep C
SLE endocarditis
Malignancy

Dismal

56
Q

What is characterized by the following morphology?

Mesangial cell proliferation
BM thickening and splitting
Increased lobular architecture
Influx of neutrophils?

A

MPGN type I

57
Q

What are the EM findings of acute proliferative GN?

IF findings?

A

Subepithelial humps

Granular deposits of IgG, IgM, and C3

58
Q

Idiopathic FSGS displays what?

What kind of progression?

A

Higher incidence of hematuria, reduced GFR

Proteinuria is nonselective

CKD (50% w/in 10 years)

59
Q

What disease are Mesangial deposits found in?

A

IgA nephropathy

60
Q

Where do Bence-Jones deposit?

A

Tubules

61
Q

Acute proliferative GN may be due to what bacterial infections?

A

Group A beta-hemolytic

Staphylococcal

63
Q

3 major characteristics of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Proteinuria (>3.5 g/day)
Hypoalbuminemia
Edema

Also lipiduria

68
Q

What disease is epimembranous deposits found in?

A

Membranous nephropathy

Heymann glomerulonephritis

70
Q

What disease is subendothelial deposits found in?

A

Lupus nephritis

MPGN

74
Q

What is described by a rapid decline in GFR, oliguria/anuria, and may result from glomerular, interstitial, vascular, or tubular injury?

A

Acute kidney injury

78
Q

What manifestations are present in RPGN?

A

Acute nephritis
Proteinuria
Acute renal failure

79
Q

Hematuria can be caused by what?

A

SCHITTT

Slide 26 if you forget the mneumonic

80
Q

mutation of NPHS1 is on what chromosome?

Encodes for what protein?

Causes what?

A

19

Nephrin

Congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type (FSGS)

81
Q

Increased risk to FSGS caused by what mutation on chromosome 22?

Common in whom?

A

APOL1

African American

Renal II Exam 1 (6 decks)

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