Purfusion of the LE

Question 1

At what level does the descending aorta bifricate? and what does it divide into?

Answer 1

L4

Left/Right Common Iliac Artery

Question 2

At what level does the descending vena cava bifricate? and what does it divide into?

Answer 2

L4

Left/Right Common Iliac vein

Question 3

What do the Left/Right Common Iliac artery/veins branch further into?

Answer 3

External/Internal iliac vein/artery

Question 4

Where does the Internal Iliac artery dive into?

Answer 4

The pelvis

Question 5

The external iliac artery will give off what before going further inferior into the LE? and where?

Answer 5

Inferior epigastric artery before the inguinal ligament

Question 6

How does femoral artery arise?

Answer 6

once the external iliac artery passes the inguinal ligament

Question 7

What travels along side of the femoral artery?

Answer 7

femoral vein and fermoral nerve

Question 8

Femoral artery and femoral vein dive into what space distal to the inguinal ligament?

Answer 8

femoral triangle

Question 9

What will femoral artery and vein sit superficial to in the femoral triangle? HINT: it’s the medial border of the triangle.

Answer 9

Pectineous muscle

Question 10

What is the function of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 10

provide perfusion to the entire thigh

Question 11

What is the first branch off the femoral artery called?

Answer 11

deep femoral artery

Question 12

what is deep femoral artery aka?

Answer 12

profunda femoris

Question 13

What does the deep femoral artery give off around the femoral neck?

Answer 13

lateral circumflex femoral artery

medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 14

After the deep femoral artery gives off the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries what happens?

Answer 14

femoral artery dives deep to the vastus medialis and sartorious

Question 15

After the femoral artery dives deep to the sartoriuos and vastus medialis what structure is it in? What is travel with the femoral artery here?

Answer 15

The adductor canal with femoral vein and saphenous nerve

Question 16

The femoral artery will emerge posteriorly in what opening after passing the adductor canal?

Answer 16

popliteal fossa

Question 17

What does the femoral artery/vein need to pass through prior to entering the popliteal fossa?

Answer 17

adductor hiatus

Question 18

If someone is bleeding out in the LE what artery can you surely tighten to stop the bleeding?

Answer 18

the femoral artery

Question 19

Starting from the popliteal fossa the femoral artery and vein become what?

Answer 19

popliteal artery

popliteal vein

Question 20

What are the four branches that popliteal artery gives off?

Answer 20

superior medial geniculate artery
superior lateral geniculate artery
inferior lateral geniculate artery
inferior medial geniculate artery

Question 21

How do the four geniculate artery surround the knee?

Answer 21

anastomose the knee and perfuse the knee

Question 22

What is the geniculate artery’s function?

Answer 22

anastome and perfuse the knee

Question 23

The popliteal artery continues inferiorly and leaves the popliteal fossa. After it does what occurs to the popliteal artery? while it passes what muscles?

Answer 23

it will bifricate into the posterior and anterior tibial arteries as it passes the gastrocnemius muscle

Question 24

What does the anterior tibial artery pierce through?

Answer 24

interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula

Question 25

after the anterior tibial artery pierces through the interosseous membrane, where does it travel to?

Answer 25

into the anterior compartment of the leg

Question 26

What does the anterior tibial artery/vein travel alongside in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 26

deep fibular nerve and anterior tibial vein

Question 27

What artery enters the foot?

Answer 27

anterior tibial artery

Question 28

After the anterior tibial artery enters the foot what is it now known as?

Answer 28

dorsalis pedis artery

Question 29

How can the dorsalis pedis artery be located in the foot?

Answer 29

between the tendons of extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

Question 30

What compartment of the leg does the posterior tibial artery dive into?

Answer 30

deep posterior compartment of the leg

Question 31

What does the posterior tibial artery/vein travel alongside with?

Answer 31

tibial nerve

Question 32

What does the tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery travel superficial to?

Answer 32

posterior tibialis muscle

Question 33

What does the tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery travel posterior to as it enters the foot?

Answer 33

medial malleoulus

Question 34

How does the tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery enter the foot?

Answer 34

through the tarsal tunnel medially

Question 35

In the foot the posterior tibial artery will do what?

Answer 35

bifricate

Question 36

What will the posterior tibial artery bifricate into in the foot?

Answer 36

medial and lateral plantar arteries

Question 37

In the proximal leg the posterior tibial artery will give off what artery? this occurs before entering the feet*

Answer 37

fibular artery

Question 38

How does the fibular artery travel?

Answer 38

travels laterally into the lateral compartment

Question 39

What does the fibular artery travel alongside?

Answer 39

superficial fibular nerve

Question 40

What will the fibular artery perfuse and also terminate at?

Answer 40

calcaneous

Question 41

What is the branch that comes off the internal iliac artery?

Answer 41

obturator artery

Question 42

What is the branch that comes off the obturator artery?

Answer 42

acetabular branch artery

Question 43

What is the acetabular branch aka?

Answer 43

artery to ligamentum teres

Question 44

Where does the acetabular/artery to ligamentum teres travel within?

Answer 44

within the ligamentum teres

Question 45

Where does the acetabular/artery to ligamentum teres end up after traveling thorugh the ligamentum teres?

Answer 45

femoral head

Question 46

What is the artery that is the major blood supply to the femoral head in the early life?

Answer 46

acetabular artery

Question 47

As we age what happens to the perfusion of the femoral head?

Answer 47

majority starts as acetabular artery, as we age this blood supply becomes secondary. Circumflex femoral arteries become primary.

Question 48

Many elder people don't get perfusion to what area of the body, and only is found out when it is fractured?

Answer 48

artery to ligamentum teres, sometimes leading to avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Question 49

How do most the the LE veins course through?

Answer 49

along with the arterial system of the LE

Question 50

What provides superficial drainage to the entire lower extremity?

Answer 50

greater saphenous vein

Question 51

Where and how does the great saphenous vein start?

Answer 51

begins in the dorsal foot

Question 52

What aspect of the leg does the great saphenous vein drain?

Answer 52

medail aspect

Question 53

What does the great saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 53

femoral vein

Question 54

What aspect of the leg does the lesser saphenous vein drain?

Answer 54

posterior aspect of the legs superficially

Question 55

What structure does the lesser saphenous vein travel alongside with?

Answer 55

sural nerve

Question 56

Where does the lesser saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 56

popliteal vein

Question 57

What are the two major superficial veinous network called?

Answer 57

greater saphenous and lesser saphenous vein

Question 58

Where does the dorsal vein network of the foot drain into?

Answer 58

greater saphenous vein

Question 59

What drains into the greater saphenous vein?

Answer 59

dorsal veinous network, anterior/medial aspect of the leg anterior/medial aspect of the thigh

Question 60

What does the greater saphenous vein pierce through the fascia lata at the femoral triangle ?

Answer 60

saphenous hiatus

Question 61

What artery/vein perfuses the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 61

anterior tibial artery/vein

Question 62

what artery/vein perfuses the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 62

posterior tibial artery/vein

Question 63

What muscle do anterior tibial artery/vein and deep fibular nerve travel deep to?

Answer 63

Anterior tibilais muscle

Question 64

After anterior tibial artery/vein enters the feet what occurs?

Answer 64

Dive back out of the feet into the anterior compartment of the leg

Question 65

How does the anterior tibial artery course back out of the feet?

Answer 65

courses along the dorsum of the ankle in between two tendons

Question 66

What two tendons does the anterior tibial artery course in between to travel out of the feet back into the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 66

extensor digitorum longus | extensor hallicus longus

Question 67

On a diabetic patient how should you check the LE pulse?

Answer 67

Dorsalis pedis artery

Question 68

What muscle does the posterior tibial artery merge inferior to?

Answer 68

gastricnemious

Question 69

What branch comes off the posterior tibial artery before entering the feet?

Answer 69

fibular artery

Question 70

What compartment does the fibular artery perfuse?

Answer 70

Lateral compartment of the leg

Question 71

What nerve is found in the lateral compartment?

Answer 71

superficial fibular nerve

Question 72

What is the major blood supply to the foot?

Answer 72

posterior tibial artery

Question 73

What bony landmark will the posterior tibial artery travel under after entering the tarsal tunnel?

Answer 73

Sustantaculum tali of the calcanius bone

Question 74

What is the longest vein in your body?

Answer 74

greater saphenous vein