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Anatomy 4 > Anterior, Medial, Posterior Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior, Medial, Posterior Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

When you see anterior thigh what nerve should you always think?

A

Femoral nerve

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2
Q

The entire thigh is covered in fascia known as what?

A

Fascia lata

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3
Q

What is the function of fascia lata?

A

contains structures which improves efficiency of msucular contractions

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4
Q

Which direction does fascia lata thicken and what is this thickened portion called?

A

laterally

iliotibial band

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5
Q

What motion does the iliotibial band assist in?

A

knee flexion

knee extension

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6
Q

How does the iliotibial band move during knee flexion/extension?

A

During knee flexion= it slides posterior to the knee joint

During knee extension= it slides anterior to the knee joint

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7
Q

What are the anterior thigh muscles?

A

Sartorius
Iliacus
Pectineus
Quadriceps: Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius

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8
Q

What are the attachment sites of tensor fascia?

A

iliac crest
onto
iliotibial band

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9
Q

What is the innervation of tensor fascia?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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10
Q

What action does tensor fascia cause?

A

hip flexor
hip abduction
IR of hip

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11
Q

What are the attachment sites of Sartorius?

A

ASIS
onto
pes anserinus “tailor muscle”

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12
Q

What innervates Sartorius?

A

femoral nerve

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13
Q

What action does Sartorius cause?

A 
Hip abduction
ER of Hip
Hip flexion
it crosses the knee joint therefore also:
knee flexion
IR of TIBIA
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14
Q

What are the attachment sites of Pectineus?

A

pectineal line on superior pubic ramus
onto
pectineal line on femur

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15
Q

What structures is superficial to pectineus?

A

femoral artery and vein

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16
Q

What innervates the Pectineus?

A

Femoral nerve
and
Obturator nerve

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17
Q

Why is Pectineus dually innervated?

A

bc its located in between the anterior and medial thigh

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18
Q

What action does Pectineus cause?

A

hip flexion

hip adduction

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19
Q

What are the attachment sites of iliacus?

A

iliac fossa
AIIS
onto
lesser trochanter of the femur

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20
Q

What innervates iliacus?

A

femoral nerve

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21
Q

What action does iliacus cause?

A

hip flexion

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22
Q

What are the attachment sites of all Quadriceps?

A

Rectus femoris: AIIS
Vastus lateralis: lateral lip of linea apsera
Vastus medialis: medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus intermedius: anterior aspect of shaft of femur
all four onto quadriceps tendon

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23
Q

What does the quadriceps tendon insert into?

A

patellar tendon

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24
Q

What does the patellar tendon insert into and cause what action?

A

tibial tuberosity and causes knee extension

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25
Q

What is VMO?

A

vastus medialis oblique, distal medial muscle near knee

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26
Q

What is the bursa located superficial and anterior to the patella?

A

pre-patellar bursa

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27
Q

If you fall on your knee what can you assume you inflammed?

A

pre-patellar bursa

28
Q

What is the bursa located deep to quadriceps tendon? and what is it’s function?

A

supra-patellar bursa.

ensures the quadriceps move smoothly

29
Q

What is the bursa deep to patellar tendon? and what is it’s function?

A

infra-patellar bursa

ensures the patella moves smoothly

30
Q

What is the pocket of muscle that prevents bursa from being trapped under the patella called?

A

articularis genu

31
Q

What does the articularis genu attach to?

A

supra-patellar bursa

32
Q

What vein, artery, and one other nerve besides the femoral nerve is found in the anterior thigh?

A

Deep femoral artery
saphenous nerve
Great saphenous vein

33
Q

When you see medial thigh what nerve should you think?

A

Obturator nerve

34
Q

Where is the obturator nerve found in between?

A

adductor longus
and
adductor brevis

35
Q

What does the obturator nerve branch into?

A

anterior and posterior branches of the obturator nerve

36
Q

What are the 4.5 muscles of the medial thigh?

A 
Gracilis
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
***Pectineus (found in anterior thigh as well)
37
Q

What is the most medial, medial thigh muscle and what is it’s attachment sites?

A

Gracilis
pubic symphysis
onto
pes anserinus

38
Q

What is the function of Gracilis?

A

hip adduction
knee flexion
IR tibia

39
Q

What is the attachment sites of Adductor longus?

A

Pubic tubercle
onto
linea apsera

40
Q

What is the action adductor longus causes?

A

hip adduction

41
Q

What is the attachment sites of Adductor brevis?

A

inferior pubic ramus
onto
pectineal line of femur

42
Q

How are adductor brevis and adductor longus oriented?

A

adductor brevis is deep to adductor longus

43
Q

How is adductor magnus oriented?

A

its deep to adductor brevis

44
Q

What action does adductor magnus cause?

A

hip extension

hip adduction

45
Q

The adductor magnus has what two portions?

A

posterior aspect called hamstrings

anterior aspect called adductor portion

46
Q

What is the attachment sites of the adductor portion of adductor magnus?

A

inferior pubic ramus
linea apsera
onto
adductor tubercle

47
Q

The posterior, hamstring portion of adductor magnus is innervated by what?

A

tibial portion of sciatic nerve

48
Q

What are the attachment sites of the posterior hamstring portion of adductor magnus?

A

ischial tuberosity
onto
adductor tubercle

49
Q

When you see posterior thigh what nerve should you think of?

A

Sciatic nerve

50
Q

What are the two groups of hamstring muscles?

A

medial hamstring

lateral hamstring

51
Q

What is the common orgin to all hamstring muscles?

A

ischial tuberosity

52
Q

What are the medial hamstring muscles?

A

Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Adductor magnus

53
Q

What is the most superficial medial hamstring? and where does it attach to?

A

Semitendonosus

onto anterior-medial tibia at pes anserinus

54
Q

What is the medial hamstring deep to semitendonosus and is wider? What does it attach to?

A

Semimembranosus
onto medial meniscus
and posterior aspect of tibia

55
Q

What is medial hamstring muscle deep to semimembranosus?

A

Adductor magnus

56
Q

What is the action of Medial hamstring muscles?

A

IR of tibia

57
Q

What are the two lateral hamstring muscles?

A

biceps femoris short head

biceps femoris long head

58
Q

What is the action of lateral hamstring muscles?

A

ER of tibia

59
Q

What is the attachment sites of biceps femoris short head?

A

linea asprea
blends in with biceps femoris
onto
fibular head

60
Q

What is the attachment sites of biceps femoris long head?

A

ischial tuberosity
onto
head of fibula

61
Q

All hamstring muscles do what action? except what muscle?

A

hip extension
knee flexion
except adductor magnus

62
Q

What are the two branches of the sciatic nerve?

A

tibial branch

common fibular nerve

63
Q

What are other nerves besides tibial and common fibular nerve that branches from sciatic nerve?

A

medial sural cutaneous branch
lateral sural cutaneous branch
sural nerve

64
Q

What are the borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

biceps femoris
semimembranosus
medial head of gastrocnemius
lateral head of gastrocnemius

65
Q

What does the popliteal fossa contain?

A

popliteal artery and vein

66
Q

What does the popliteus muscle do?

A

Knee flexion
IR of tibia
unlocks the knee, opposite of screw home mechanism

67
Q

Where is the popliteus muscle located? and what are its attachments?

A

behind the knee
lateral condyle of femur
onto
medial aspect of tibia

Anatomy 4 (8 decks)

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