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Anatomy 4 > Pelvis & Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Pelvis & Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the widened part of the iliac crest called?

A

Iliac tubercle

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2
Q

Where is the pelvic floor muscles located?

A

on the floor of true/lesser pelvis

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3
Q

What two openings are located in the pelvic floor muscles?

A

anus and urethra

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4
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvic floor?

A

Lateral wall: Obturator internis

Postero-lateral wall: Piriformis

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5
Q

What innervates obturator internis?

A

Nerve to obturator internis

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6
Q

Where is the attachment sites of obturator internis?

A

anterior surface of ilium, ischium, and obturator membrane

also on the greater trochanter via intertrochanteric fossa

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7
Q

What action does the obturator interis create?

A

ER and the hip

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8
Q

What is the attachment sites of piriformis?

A

anterior aspect of sacrum S2-S4
pass through the greater sciatic notch
on sacrotuberous ligament-greater trochanter via intertrochanteric fossa

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9
Q

What innervates the piriformis?

A

anterior rami of sacral plexus S1, S2

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10
Q

What action does piriformis create?

A

ER at the hip

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11
Q

On the pelvic floor what two muscles are located?

A

Coccygeus and Levator Ani

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12
Q

What are the attachment sites of coccygeus?

A

ischial spine
anterior/inferior sacrum
coccyx

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13
Q

What innervates the coccygeus?

A

anterior rami of sacral plexus S4, S5

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14
Q

What action does coccygeus create?

A

supports pelvic viscera, coccygeal flexion

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15
Q

What are the three parts of Levator ani?

A

lateral- iliococcygeus
posterior- pubococcygeus
forming a sling around the orifices- puborectalis

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16
Q

What innervates the 3 levator ani muscles?

A

Nerve to levator ani S$
Inferior anal nerve
Coccygeal plexus

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17
Q

What action does levator ani create?

A

pelvic viscera

assist in bowel and bladder continence

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18
Q

What innervates the external and urethra sphincters?

A

pudendal nerves S2, S3, S4

19
Q

What bundle of nerves are most important for bowel and bladder function?

A

Sacral plexus

20
Q

What are the three superficial gluteal muscles?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

21
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus maximus?

A 
posterior aspect of sacrum and coccyx
posterior aspect of iliac crest
on sacrotuberous ligament 
onto
iliotibial band (majority)
Gluteal tuberosity (minority)
22
Q

What innervates gluteus maximus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

23
Q

What action does gluteus maximus create?

A

Extend hip

ER of hip

24
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus medius?

A

gluteal surface of ilium
posterior aspect of iliac crest
onto
greater trochanter of femur on the supero-lateral aspect

25
Q

What innervates the gluteus medius?

A

superior gluteal nerve

26
Q

What action does gluteus medius create?

A

When in hip extension (standing erect):
Hip abduction
IR hip

27
Q

What are the attachments of gluteus minimus?

A

gluteal surface of ilium
onto
greater trochanter of femur on supero-lateral aspect

28
Q

What innervates the gluteus minimus?

A

superior gluteal nerve

29
Q

What action does gluteus minimus create?

A

hip abduction

IR of hip

30
Q

What are the 6 deep gluteal muscles?

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemelus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemelus
Quadratus femoris
Obturator externus
31
Q

What are the attachment sites of quadratus femoris?

A

ischial tuberosity
onto
greater trochanter

32
Q

All gluteal muscles inferior to piriformis creates what action?

A

ER of hip

33
Q

What innervates superior gemelus?

A

nerve to obturator internus

34
Q

What innervates inferior gemelus?

A

nerve to quadratus femoris

35
Q

What two ligaments are found in the gluteal region?

A

sacrotuberous ligament

sacrospinous ligament

36
Q

What is the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle?

A

Nerve, artery, and vein all emerging superior to piriformis.

37
Q

Where does the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle head to?

A

gluteus medius and gluteus minimus

38
Q

What is the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle?

A

Nerve, artery, and vein all emerging inferior to piriformis

39
Q

Where does the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle head to?

A

gluteus maximus

40
Q

What does the sciatic nerve split into? medially/laterally?

A

medial branch: tibial portion

lateral portion: cmmon fibular

41
Q

How does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve travel and innervate?

A

comes straight down and attaches to skin

42
Q

What is the pudendal neurovascular bundle?

A

nerve, artery, and vein that emerges inferior to piriformis and comes back in

43
Q

What are all the muscles inferior to Piriformis that ER the hip?

A 
Superior gemellus
 obturator internus
inferior gemellus
obturator externus 
quadratus Femoris

Anatomy 4 (8 decks)

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