purcom Midterms Flashcards
Knowing the audience, understanding their level and how they
need to receive the information – also known as skills on
audience analysis
is the art of creating and sharing ideas for a specific
purpose.
communication
This pertains to both the message and the purpose why the message has to be sent. The
message should be clear by using appropriate language and communication channels, but
equally important is that the reason for sending and receiving the message must be
understood by both sender and receiver.
Clarity
The message should be as brief as may be required depending on one’s purpose,
especially in most modern contexts in the business and academic fields where time is of the
essence. It should be devoid of trivial details that would hinder communication.
Conciseness.
Despite its conciseness, the message should still be complete and accurate. Whenever
necessary, background information should be given to provide better context; facts and
observations may also be helpful.
Completeness.
Effective communication is usually planned in order to ensure the systematic flow of
ideas and transition from one point to another. There are instances, however, when
communication is impromptu, but this should not be an excuse for an organized
presentation of ideas.
Organization.
The sender of the message should be sensitive to the needs and interests of the receiver.
In case of face-to-face communication, the speaker must always be conscious of the reaction
of the listener and adjust his/her communication strategy accordingly.
Empathy
Different people have different communication styles, and consequently, different
expectations. Effective communicators know how to adapt to the varying needs and
expectations of their audience, and modify the message or the way the message is sent to
avoid misunderstanding or misinterpretation.
Flexibility
refers to the choices people
make and the strategies or tools they use in the process of
communication.
Communication style
4 different communication
styles
direct
spirited
systematic and
considerate
Tend to tell or instruct
others what to do and
sometimes even how to
do it.
Assertive
Tend to be
on the receiving end,
often asking for guidance,
instructions or directions.
Less Assertive
Usually show their real
feelings and emotions
through facial
expressions, tone of voice, or
language use.
Expressive
Tend to either hide their
feelings or exert some
effort for these feelings
not to show
Less Expressive
Invented The Communication Styles Matrix
Dr. Eileen M. Russo
two different dimension of Communication Styles Matrix
- Level of assertiveness
- Level of expressiveness
is the spoken or nonverbal
exchange of information, ideas, and emotions between two or
more individuals.
Interpersonal communication
Also called “lects”, these
refer to the different
variants of a language
that can be sufficiently
delimited from one
another in terms of
social, historical, or
geospatial factors, thus
forming language
clusters.
Language Varieties
It refers to a new language that
develops into situations where
speakers of different languages
need to communicate but do not
share a common language.
Examples : Chavacano in the
Philippines and Bislama, a language
spoken in Vanuatu
Pidgin
It is a pidgin that
becomes the first
language of the children,
or the mother tongue of
a certain community.
Examples : the Gullah
and the Patwa, is a
creole in Jamaica
B. Creole
It is not a language that is not
distinct from a national language,
but rather a variety of a language
spoken in a particular area of a
country.
Examples are as Cebuano, Waray,
Ilocano, and Hiligaynon in the
Philippines.
Regional Dialect
This is a variety used as a marker of
identity, usually alongside a standard
variety, by the members of a particular
minority ethnic group.
Examples are the Sinama of the Badjaos
in the Philippines and the London
Jamaican variety in Brita
Minority Dialect
These are spoken mainly
as second languages in
former colonies with
multilingual
populations.
A classic example is
Singlish (or Singaporean
English).
Indigenized Varieties
characterized by the way a
speaker uses language
differently in different
social circumstances.
Language
Registers
used in professional, academic, or legal settings where
communication is expected to be respectful,
uninterrupted, and restrained to specific rules.
FORMAL
used when communicating with friends, close
acquaintances, colleagues, and family members. These
are used in birthday parties or family gatherings.
CASUAL
Reserved for special occasions, usually between only
two people and often in private. Examples are an
inside joke between two high school friends or sweet
nothings whispered to your “special someone.
”
INTIMATE
refers to historic language that is intended to remain
unchanged. Examples are the registers used in the
Philippine Constitution and the Holy Bible. .
FROZEN
It is used in conversations when people are speaking
with someone who has specialized knowledge or is
offering advice. Tone is often respectful, such as the use
of honorifics or courtesy titles, but may be more casual
if the relationship between or among the
communicators is friendly.
Examples are registers used
in local television broadcast or in a conversation with a
doctor during medical examination.
CONSULTATIVE
it uses language that is common
to people regardless of age, social
class, gender, or race
Examples:
*Acronyms (Lol. yolo, fomo, bae)
* Initialisms Catm, rotfl, brb, btw.
hbd, idk, jk, af, nvm, tmi, tidr, ftw,
g!)
Vernacular
It is
relationship-focused rather than
subject-oriented. This can be
explained by the number of Group
Chats (GCs) a person has, and the
number of individuals and GCs a
person engages simultaneously.
Interpersonal.
It is
usually unplanned,
unstructured, and sometimes
impulsive. This spontaneity
also gave rise to Net
Neologiams through Lexical
Crentivity, such an the use of
“ban” and *2Y: or such terms
as trolls, meme, hashtag and
meh. These ean be described
as mediatized stylization and
popular representation.
Spontaneous
It carries
expectation of continuous
exchange. This is why most
media platforms have a “Reply”
or
“‘Comment” option, while some
have a “Leave a comment”
button, to ensure continuous
interaction.
The English language in the New
Media is
*Brief
*Multimodal
*Ideological
Dialogical
This refers to
the layering of
different digital
media
Multimodal
“Ideologically motivated”
describes actions
or beliefs driven by
a particular set of
ideas or principles.
Ideological
STEPS IN COMMUNICATION
PLANNING
- Research and analyze current situation.
- Establish goals and objectives (short and long term).
- Identify the target audience (what they know, what
influences them, communication impediments, etc.). - Conceptualize on key messages.
- Strategize on communication styles and platform(s).
- Evaluate and anticipate
refers to concise
and to-the-point
expression
Brief
