Pumping Apparatus

Question 1

Average daily consumption (ADC)

Answer 1

Average of the total amount of water used in a water distribution system over the period of 1 year

Question 2

__% of all firefighter injuries and deaths are cause by vehicle collisions while responding to or from emergency calls

Answer 2

20-25%

Question 3

The primary determinant of friction loss is ___

Answer 3

The volume of water flowing per minute

Question 4

3 methods of moving water in a system are:

Answer 4

1. Direct pumping system 2. Gravity system 3. Combination system

Question 5

Fire apparatus collisions can be grouped into 5 basic causes

Answer 5

1. Improper backing
2. Reckless driving by public
3. Excessive speed by fire app operator
4. Lack of driving skill
5. Poor app design or maintenance

Question 6

Elevation pressure formula Equation B

Answer 6

EP = 0.5H

H = height

Question 7

Elevation pressure formula Equation C

Answer 7

EP=5 psi x (# of stories -1)

Question 8

Friction loss coefficients -1 3/4” hose w/ 1 1/2” couplings - 2 1/2” hose

Answer 8

-1 3/4” hose w/ 1 1/2” couplings = 15.5 - 2 1/2” hose = 2

Question 9

Friction loss coefficients - Siamesed lines - Two 2 1/2” - Two 3” lines w/ 2 1/2” couplings

Answer 9

• Two 2 1/2” lines = .5 - Two 3” lines w/ 2 1/2” couplings = .2

Question 10

Maximum daily consumption (MDC)

Answer 10

Maximum total amount of water that was used during any 24 hour interval within a 3 year period

Question 11

Equation A - friction loss

Answer 11

FL = CQ²L

• C = FL coefficient
• Q = flow rate in hundreds of GPM (flow/100)
• L = hose length in hundreds of feet (length/100)

Question 12

Equation D - Pump Discharge Pressure

Answer 12

PDP = NP + TPL

Question 13

Equation I

Answer 13

% drop = (static - residual)100 static

Question 14

Equation F (3” inch hose)

Answer 14

FL per 100 ft = Q²

• Q = # of hundreds of GPM

Question 15

Equation G (4” hose)

Answer 15

FL per 100 ft = Q squared divided by 5

Q = # of hundreds of GPM

Question 16

When using 2½” or 3” hoselines to supply the pumper directly off hydrant pressure, it is recommended that the lines be no longer than:

Answer 16

300 ft

Question 17

Selecting the drafting site factors

Answer 17

• Amount of water available - MOST IMPORTANT factor; There should be a minimum of 2 ft of water over the strainer; Also desirable to have 2 ft of water all around the strainer
• Type of water - Most common type of contamination, and possibly worst damaging, is dirty or sandy water
• Accessibility - As the amount of lift increases the following occur
• Elevation pressure increases
• Less friction loss can be overcome
• Capacity of the pump decreased

All pumps are rated to thier capacity at 10 ft of lift; If lift is less, capacity is higher and vice versa; Max lift is 20 ft at that height pump capacity is 60%

Question 18

Recommended sizes for fire hydrant mains

Answer 18

• Residential: 6” with 8” cross-connecting mains every 600 ft
• Industrial: 8” with cross connecting mains every 600 ft
• 12” mains may be used on principal streets and in long mains not cross connected at frequent intervals

Question 19

Once the pump has been made operational, the transfer valve should be in the ___ position during priming

Answer 19

Volume

Question 20

Possible causes for inability to prime

Answer 20

• Insufficient fluid in the priming reservoir
• Engine speed (rpm) is too low
• LIft is too high
• A high point in the hard intake hose creating an air pocket

Question 21

Flow pressure

Answer 21

That forward velocity pressure at a discharge opening while water is flowing

Question 22

Residual Pressure

Answer 22

That part of the total available pressure not used to overcome friction loss or gravity while forcing water through pipe, fittings, fire hose, and adapters

Question 23

Static Pressure

Answer 23

Pressure in a water system before water flows; Stored potential energy available to force water through pipe, fittings, fire hose and adapters

Question 24

When 2 hoselines of equal lengths are siamesed to supply a fire stream, friction loss is approximately __ % of that of a single hoseline at the same nozzle pressure

Answer 24

25%

Question 25

The maximum amount of vacuum that most pumps develop is approximately ___

Answer 25

22 inches of mercury (hg)

Question 26

1st digit method

Answer 26

1. Find the difference in psi beween the static and residual pressures
2. Multiply the 1st digit of the static by 1, 2, or 3

• If psi drop is equal to or less than the 1st digit of static multiplied by 1, 3 additional lines of equal flow may be added
• If psi drop is equal to or less than the 1st digit of static multiplied by 2, 2 additional lines of equal flow may be added
• If psi drop is equal to or less than the 1st digit of static multiplied by 3, 1 additional line may be added

Question 27

When conducting drafting operations, the master intake gauge will register a vacuum reading of about ___

Answer 27

1 inch for each 1 foot of lift

Question 28

Foam concentrate

Answer 28

The raw foam liquid in its storage container before being combined with water and air

Question 29

Foam proportioner

Answer 29

The device that introduces foam concentrate into the water stream

Question 30

Peak hourly consumption (PHC)

Answer 30

Max amount of water used in any 1 hr interval over the course of a day