Fire Inspection and Code Enforcement Flashcards
Thermosetting plastics
Plastics that are hardened into a permanent shape in the manufacturing process and are not subject to softening when reheated
Examples:
- Vulcanized rubber
- Bakelite
Thermoplastics
Synthetic material made from the polymerization of organic compounds….Can be reheated, melted, and remolded into new shapes
Exit access examples
- Corridor leading to the exit opening
- Aisle within an assembly occupancy that is designed to accomodate and conduct people to an exit
- Pathway leading from inside a space to an exit
- Unenclosed ramp or stairs
- Occupied room or space
Exit examples
- Doors at ground level that lead directly to the outside of the building
- Exit passageway to the outside: 1. Must be constructed of the same fire resistance material as exit stairs; 2. Must be wide enough to accomodate total capacity of all exits that discharge through it
- Horizontal exit - Require 2 hr walls; 1.5 hr doors
- Stairway that is enclosed by fire-resistance rated walls and self closing doors (Smokeproof enclosure) - Provide the highest degree of fire protection of stair enclosures that the model codes require
Exit discharge examples
- Exterior walkway along the side of a structure from the exit to a public way
- Privately owned driveway or alley that connects exit to public way
Ramp dimensions
- 44 inches wide w/ a maximum slope of 1 ft of rise for every 12 ft of horizontal distance
- Max length - 30 ft without a landing
Required # of exits
- 500 or less = 2
- 500-1000 = 3
- 1000 + = 4
Location of exits
one-half diagonal rule
- When 2 exits are required, they are to be located not less than one-half the length of the overall diagonal dimension of the room.
- 3 exits+ : at least 2 will meet the minimum separation requirements
Dead-end corridor
Condition that exists when a corridor has no outlet to a means of egress and is more than 20 ft in length
Primary feeders
- Arterial mains
- 16-72 inches
- Rarely attached to hydrants
Secondary feeders
- 12-14 inches
- Each can be isolated by control valves
Distributors
- 6-8 inches
- Serve individual hydrants and commercial and residential consumers
Control valves on water mains
- Should be exercised once a year
- Max lengths for valve spacing should be 500 ft in high value districts and 800 ft in other areas
Wet-pipe sprinkler system
Continually charged w/ water under pressure
Dry-pipe sprinkler system
Continually charged w/ air under pressure
Deluge sprinkler system
- Open sprinklers attached to unpressurized dry pipes
- Activated when a detection device senses fire
- All sprinklers discharge water simultaneously
Preaction sprinkler system
- Continually charged with air that may or may not be under pressure
- Only operates when both a sprinkler opens and a detection device in the same area activate the water-flow control valve
Antifreeze sprinkler system
- Wet-pipe system continually charged with antifreeze solution
- Antifreeze solution must be changed once a year
Circulating closed-loop sprinkler system
- Wet-pipe system that uses the sprinkler system to circulate water for non-fire protection building services such as heating and cooling
- Closed system in which water is not removed unless sprinklers are activated
Combined dry pipe and preaction sprinkler system
- Continually charged w/ air pressure combined w/ a detection system that controls the operation of the water-flow control valve
- The detection system activates water-control valve, the release of pressurized air in the system and the facility alarm
- When charged w/ water, activation of the individual sprinklers will discharge water
- Rare and only installed on large wharves where large stockpiles are found
Gridded sprinkler system
- System of parallel cross mains connected by multiple branch lines
- Activated heads will receive water from both mains
- Advantage of water flow to the heads from multiple directions
Looped sprinkler system
- Interconnected cross mains that provide multiple routes for water to reach any point in the system
- Branch lines are not interconnected
- Common design because of advantage of water flow from multiple directions
Multicycle sprinkler system
- Designed to operate repeatedly in response to a detection device
- Turns on and off based on the demand indicated by the detection device
Water supply for Class I and Class III standpipe systems must provide the following
- 500 gpm for 30 minutes with a residual pressure of 100 psi at the most hydraulically remote 2½” outlet
- Min of 65 psi for most remote 1½” outlet
- If more than one standpipe is required, 250 gpm for each additional riser to a max of 2,500 gpm
- Horizontal standpipe systems that supply 3 or more Class I or III hose stations, a min of 750 gpm is required…
- Class II 100 gpm for 30 min … 65 psi residual