Pulp Anatomy Flashcards
What is the pulp chamber and where is it located?
How many per tooth?
It is the most occlusal portion of the pulp cavity
One per tooth
What are pulp horns? How many per tooth>?
Projections of the pulp chamber, one per sizable cusp
What are pulp canals?
Portions of the pulp that extend into the roots of the tooth
Root canals connect to the pulp chamber via _______ and to the outside of the tooth via _____
Canal orifices
Apical foramen
On a single rooted tooth, how many canal types?
4
Explain type 1 canals for single rooted teeth
One canal extends form the pulp chamber to the apex
Explain type 2 canals on single rooted teeth
Two separated canals leave the pulp charmer, but they join short of the apex to form on canal apically and one foramen
Explain type 3 canals of single rooted teeth
Two separate canals exits the chamber and continue to two separate apical foramen
Explain type 4 canals of single rooted teeth
One canal leaves the chamber, then splits to form two canals and two apical foramen
In which root canal types of single rooted teeth are there two apical foramina present?
3, 4
_______ are smaller canals that exist alongside the main root canal and can cause complications
Accessory canals
Anterior teeth are most likely to have ____ root and ___ canal
1, 1,
Mandibular anterior teeth may have _______, one___ and one ____
Two canals, facial, lingual
______ is the most likely anterior tooth to have 2 canals
Mandibular canine
A mature incisor is likely to have ____ pulp horns or even __- from the facial or lingual view; peg laterals though will have ____ pulp horn because they have _________
2, 3
Only one , 1 developmental lobe
Young incisors may have __ pulp horns to reflect the _______
3, mamelons
Canines usually have ___ pulp horns
1
Premolars usually have ___ pulp horn per ____
One, sizable cusp
_______________ with a functionless lingual cusp may have _____
Mandibular first premolars, only one pulp horn
Pulp horn ____ tend to mirror the ____ of the cusps
Lengths, height
Max first pm usually have ___ roots and ___ canals
Even when they have 1 root, ____ canals
2 , 2
2
Max 2nd pm usually have ___ roots and ____ canals
And sometimes _____
1, 1,
2 canals
Mand 1st and 2nd pm usually have ___ roots and ____ canals
Sometimes, they have roots that bifurcate towards the apex resulting in _____ canals
1, 1,
Type 4
In max molars, the pulp chamber is broader _____ than _____
Buccolingualy, mesiodistally
In mand molars, pulp chamber is broader ____ than ____
Mesiodistally, buccolingually
Molars have ___ pulp horn per ______
5 cusp molar (not cusp of carabelli) aka ____ molar, has 5 pulp horns
1, functional cusp
Mand 1st
If max molars have 3 roots, they are ___,____,____
And have _____ canals (___, _____, _____)
Palatal, MB, DB
4 (2 MB, 1 P, 1 DB)
In molars, the ______ canal is the largest and most accessible canal
Palatal
Molars have ___ orifices in the chamber floor
4
* reflects number of canals
Mand molars have ___ roots and ___ canals (____)
And ____ orifices in the chamber floor
2, 3 (MB,ML canals & 1 D)
3
Third molars vary considerably, but normally max have ___ canals and mand have ___ canals
3, 2
In primary teeth, the tooth has ____ layers of _______ and ____ therefore the pulp cavities are ____ and _____ to occlusal surfaces
Thinner, enamel, dentin
Larger, closer
As a tooth ages, ______ line the pulp chamber and will _______ _______ ______
Odontoblasts
Deposit secondary dentin
The deposition of secondary dentin _____ the diameter of the root canal as we age
Decreases
In necrotic teeth (where ___ and ____ has been lost), the pulp canal _______ because there are no vital ____ to _________
Nerve, blood supply
Stays the same size
Odontoblasts, deposit secondary dentin
Why is knowing the insides of the tooth (via radiographs) useful?
Avoid disturbing or exposing pulp in cases of deep decay
Can guide root canal treatment where the goal is to find the pulp and it’s canals
What are pulp caps?
What types are there?
When would you use this treatment?
Calcium hydroxide that stimulates formation of 2ndary dentin
Indirect and direct
When you don’t quite need a root canal but have deep decay and want to protect roots
What is an indirect pulp cap?
CaOH applied to thin layer of remaining dentin that covers pulp chamber
**NO EXPOSURE OF NERVE
What is a direct pulp cap?
CaOH applied over a small pulpal exposure
Mild inflammation in which pulp tissue remains healthy and can be saved is classified as _______
Reversible pulpitis
In irreversible pulpitis, the inflammation of the pulp _______ without ________ (aka ______)
What are the findings when diagnosing a patient?
Will not heal, removal of pulp tissue (root canal therapy)
Hot/cold/sweet sensitivity, spontaneous pain, and/or prolonged response to cold when tested with endo ice
What is periapical disease?
Pulp has become infected and infection spreads to AV bone via the apex
Max central incisors:
Cervical outline is ____ shaped
____ canal
______ root depressions
Triangle
1
No prominent
Max lateral incisors:
Cervical outline is ____ shaped
____ canal
______ root depressions
Egg shaped
1
Shallow mesial depression
Mand central and lateral incisors:
Cervical outline is ___ shaped
______ canal
_______ root depression
Ovoid (wider FL than MD)
1 (usually)
Slight m and d root depression
Max canines:
Cervical outline is _____
___ canal
_______ root depression
Ovoid (wider FL than MD)
1
M and d root depressions
Mand canines:
Cervical outline is _____
____ canal
______ root depressions (which one is deeper?)
Ovoid (wider FL)
1 (if 2 - 1 F 1 L)
M and d root depressions, d is deeper
Max 1st PM:
___ roots ____ canals
_____ in apical half
____ crown and root cavitation in ______
2, 2,
Furcation
MESIAL , cervical (looks like a bean!)
Max 2nd pm:
Cervical outline is _____
___ roots ___ canals
_____ root depressions (which is deeper?)
Ovoid (wider BL)
1, 1
M and d, distal is deeper
Mand 1st pm:
Cervical outline is _____
___ canal
_____ root depressions (which is deeper?)
Ovoid (wider BL)
1
M and d, distal is deeper
Mand 2nd pm:
Cervical outline is _____
____ canal
_______ root depressions
Ovoid (wider BL)
1
Distal root depressions are common
In mand 1st and 2nd molars, there are ___ roots and ___ canals
The ___ root is wider BL and has depressions on the ___
2 roots (M, D)
3 (MB, ML, D)
Mesial root wider BL, depressions on M and D of M root
Mand 1st molars have __ root trunk and ___ divergent roots because moving posteriorly, trunk becomes ___ and roots ___ divergent
Shorter, more
Longer, less
Max 1st and 2nd molars have ___ roots, ____ canals
____ root is wider ____ than ____ root and has depressions
3 roots (MB, DB, P) 4 canals (P, MB1, MB2, DB)
MB root wider BL than DB
In max 1st and 2nd molars, there is furcation access in ___, ____, and ______
Explain what this means
Mid facial, mesial, and distal
**no furcation access on Palatal POV because only one root is visible (the Palatal root is so larger you cannot see where root trunk bifurcates )
___ molars have shorter root trunks and more divergent roots
Moving posteriorly, trunk becomes _____ and roots ___ divergent
1st
Longer, less
