Pulp Anatomy

Question 1

What is the pulp chamber and where is it located?
How many per tooth?

Answer 1

It is the most occlusal portion of the pulp cavity
One per tooth

Question 2

What are pulp horns? How many per tooth>?

Answer 2

Projections of the pulp chamber, one per sizable cusp

Question 3

What are pulp canals?

Answer 3

Portions of the pulp that extend into the roots of the tooth

Question 4

Root canals connect to the pulp chamber via _______ and to the outside of the tooth via _____

Answer 4

Canal orifices
Apical foramen

Question 5

On a single rooted tooth, how many canal types?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

Explain type 1 canals for single rooted teeth

Answer 6

One canal extends form the pulp chamber to the apex

Question 7

Explain type 2 canals on single rooted teeth

Answer 7

Two separated canals leave the pulp charmer, but they join short of the apex to form on canal apically and one foramen

Question 8

Explain type 3 canals of single rooted teeth

Answer 8

Two separate canals exits the chamber and continue to two separate apical foramen

Question 9

Explain type 4 canals of single rooted teeth

Answer 9

One canal leaves the chamber, then splits to form two canals and two apical foramen

Question 10

In which root canal types of single rooted teeth are there two apical foramina present?

Answer 10

3, 4

Question 11

_______ are smaller canals that exist alongside the main root canal and can cause complications

Answer 11

Accessory canals

Question 12

Anterior teeth are most likely to have ____ root and ___ canal

Answer 12

1, 1,

Question 13

Mandibular anterior teeth may have _______, one___ and one ____

Answer 13

Two canals, facial, lingual

Question 14

______ is the most likely anterior tooth to have 2 canals

Answer 14

Mandibular canine

Question 15

A mature incisor is likely to have ____ pulp horns or even __- from the facial or lingual view; peg laterals though will have ____ pulp horn because they have _________

Answer 15

2, 3
Only one , 1 developmental lobe

Question 16

Young incisors may have __ pulp horns to reflect the _______

Answer 16

3, mamelons

Question 17

Canines usually have ___ pulp horns

Answer 17

1

Question 18

Premolars usually have ___ pulp horn per ____

Answer 18

One, sizable cusp

Question 19

_______________ with a functionless lingual cusp may have _____

Answer 19

Mandibular first premolars, only one pulp horn

Question 20

Pulp horn ____ tend to mirror the ____ of the cusps

Answer 20

Lengths, height

Question 21

Max first pm usually have ___ roots and ___ canals
Even when they have 1 root, ____ canals

Answer 21

2 , 2
2

Question 22

Max 2nd pm usually have ___ roots and ____ canals
And sometimes _____

Answer 22

1, 1,
2 canals

Question 23

Mand 1st and 2nd pm usually have ___ roots and ____ canals
Sometimes, they have roots that bifurcate towards the apex resulting in _____ canals

Answer 23

1, 1,
Type 4

Question 24

In max molars, the pulp chamber is broader _____ than _____

Answer 24

Buccolingualy, mesiodistally

Question 25

In mand molars, pulp chamber is broader ____ than ____

Answer 25

Mesiodistally, buccolingually

Question 26

Molars have ___ pulp horn per ______ 5 cusp molar (not cusp of carabelli) aka ____ molar, has 5 pulp horns

Answer 26

1, functional cusp Mand 1st

Question 27

If max molars have 3 roots, they are ___,____,____ And have _____ canals (___, _____, _____)

Answer 27

Palatal, MB, DB 4 (2 MB, 1 P, 1 DB)

Question 28

In molars, the ______ canal is the largest and most accessible canal

Answer 28

Palatal

Question 29

Molars have ___ orifices in the chamber floor

Answer 29

4 * reflects number of canals

Question 30

Mand molars have ___ roots and ___ canals (____) And ____ orifices in the chamber floor

Answer 30

2, 3 (MB,ML canals & 1 D) 3

Question 31

Third molars vary considerably, but normally max have ___ canals and mand have ___ canals

Answer 31

3, 2

Question 32

In primary teeth, the tooth has ____ layers of _______ and ____ therefore the pulp cavities are ____ and _____ to occlusal surfaces

Answer 32

Thinner, enamel, dentin Larger, closer

Question 33

As a tooth ages, ______ line the pulp chamber and will _______ _______ ______

Answer 33

Odontoblasts Deposit secondary dentin

Question 34

The deposition of secondary dentin _____ the diameter of the root canal as we age

Answer 34

Decreases

Question 35

In necrotic teeth (where ___ and ____ has been lost), the pulp canal _______ because there are no vital ____ to _________

Answer 35

Nerve, blood supply Stays the same size Odontoblasts, deposit secondary dentin

Question 36

Why is knowing the insides of the tooth (via radiographs) useful?

Answer 36

Avoid disturbing or exposing pulp in cases of deep decay Can guide root canal treatment where the goal is to find the pulp and it’s canals

Question 37

What are pulp caps? What types are there? When would you use this treatment?

Answer 37

Calcium hydroxide that stimulates formation of 2ndary dentin Indirect and direct When you don’t quite need a root canal but have deep decay and want to protect roots

Question 38

What is an indirect pulp cap?

Answer 38

CaOH applied to thin layer of remaining dentin that covers pulp chamber ****NO EXPOSURE OF NERVE

Question 39

What is a direct pulp cap?

Answer 39

CaOH applied over a small pulpal exposure

Question 40

Mild inflammation in which pulp tissue remains healthy and can be saved is classified as _______

Answer 40

Reversible pulpitis

Question 41

In irreversible pulpitis, the inflammation of the pulp _______ without ________ (aka ______) What are the findings when diagnosing a patient?

Answer 41

Will not heal, removal of pulp tissue (root canal therapy) Hot/cold/sweet sensitivity, spontaneous pain, and/or prolonged response to cold when tested with endo ice

Question 42

What is periapical disease?

Answer 42

Pulp has become infected and infection spreads to AV bone via the apex

Question 43

Max central incisors: Cervical outline is ____ shaped ____ canal ______ root depressions

Answer 43

Triangle 1 No prominent

Question 44

Max lateral incisors: Cervical outline is ____ shaped ____ canal ______ root depressions

Answer 44

Egg shaped 1 Shallow mesial depression

Question 45

Mand central and lateral incisors: Cervical outline is ___ shaped ______ canal _______ root depression

Answer 45

Ovoid (wider FL than MD) 1 (usually) Slight m and d root depression

Question 46

Max canines: Cervical outline is _____ ___ canal _______ root depression

Answer 46

Ovoid (wider FL than MD) 1 M and d root depressions

Question 47

Mand canines: Cervical outline is _____ ____ canal ______ root depressions (which one is deeper?)

Answer 47

Ovoid (wider FL) 1 (if 2 - 1 F 1 L) M and d root depressions, d is deeper

Question 48

Max 1st PM: ___ roots ____ canals _____ in apical half ____ crown and root cavitation in ______

Answer 48

2, 2, Furcation MESIAL , cervical (looks like a bean!)

Question 49

Max 2nd pm: Cervical outline is _____ ___ roots ___ canals _____ root depressions (which is deeper?)

Answer 49

Ovoid (wider BL) 1, 1 M and d, distal is deeper

Question 50

Mand 1st pm: Cervical outline is _____ ___ canal _____ root depressions (which is deeper?)

Answer 50

Ovoid (wider BL) 1 M and d, distal is deeper

Question 51

Mand 2nd pm: Cervical outline is _____ ____ canal _______ root depressions

Answer 51

Ovoid (wider BL) 1 Distal root depressions are common

Question 52

In mand 1st and 2nd molars, there are ___ roots and ___ canals The ___ root is wider BL and has depressions on the ___

Answer 52

2 roots (M, D) 3 (MB, ML, D) Mesial root wider BL, depressions on M and D of M root

Question 53

Mand 1st molars have __ root trunk and ___ divergent roots because moving posteriorly, trunk becomes ___ and roots ___ divergent

Answer 53

Shorter, more Longer, less

Question 54

Max 1st and 2nd molars have ___ roots, ____ canals ____ root is wider ____ than ____ root and has depressions

Answer 54

3 roots (MB, DB, P) 4 canals (P, MB1, MB2, DB) MB root wider BL than DB

Question 55

In max 1st and 2nd molars, there is furcation access in ___, ____, and ______ Explain what this means

Answer 55

Mid facial, mesial, and distal **no furcation access on Palatal POV because only one root is visible (the Palatal root is so larger you cannot see where root trunk bifurcates )

Question 56

___ molars have shorter root trunks and more divergent roots Moving posteriorly, trunk becomes _____ and roots ___ divergent

Answer 56

1st Longer, less