Pulmonology

Question 1

Usually caused by viruses
Cough, SOB
Clear CXR

Answer 1

Chronic bronchitis

Question 2

Obstruction + inflam + bronchial hyperreactivity

Answer 2

Asthma

Question 3

Most effective tx for chronic asthma

Answer 3

ICS

Question 4

GOLD A, B, C, D tx

Answer 4

A: SABA
B: LABA
C: LAMA +/- LABA
D: LABA + LAMA + ICS

Question 5

CXR: air bronchograms

Most common cause: Streptococcus

Answer 5

CAP

Question 6

Young people w/ nonspecific sx (cough, pharyngitis)

Cold agglutinin assay +

Answer 6

Mycoplasma PNA

Question 7

Always associated w/ smoking

Likely to spread early, poor prognosis

Answer 7

Small cell lung cancer

Question 8

Tx for small cell lung cancer

Answer 8

Chemo

Question 9

Slow growing lung cancer

Better prognosis

Answer 9

Non-small cell lung cancer

Question 10

Tx for non-small cell lung cancer

Answer 10

Surgery

Question 11

“Coin lesions,” sharply circumscribes, <3 cm

Tx?

Answer 11

Solitary pulm nodule

Surgery (40% malignant)

Question 12

Non-caseating granulomas

Answer 12

Sarcoidosis

Question 13

Tx for sarcoidosis

Answer 13

Steroids

Question 14

RVH/RV strain

Enlarged pulmonary arteries

Answer 14

Pulmonary HTN

Question 15

Tx for pulm HTN

Answer 15

CCB, anticoag, treat underlying condition

Question 16

RV failure, RVH

Tall peaked P waves

Answer 16

Cor pulmonale

Question 17

Tx for cor pulmonale

Answer 17

O2, fluid restriction, diuretics

Question 18

Exudate vs. Transudate

Answer 18

Exudate=leaky capillaries

Transudate=increased pressure

Question 19

Light’s criteria

Answer 19

Light’s Criteria: exudate if any of the following are true

1. Pleural fluid protein to serum protein ratio >0.5
2. Pleural fluid LDH to serum LDH ratio >0.6
3. Pleural fluid LDH >⅔ upper limit of nl for serum LDH

Question 20

Causes of left shift of PO2/Hb dissociation curve

Answer 20

↑ pH, ↓ temp, CO poisoning

Question 21

Causes of right shift of PO2/Hb dissociation curve

Answer 21

↓ pH, ↑ temp