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Internal Medicine > Critical Care > Flashcards

Critical Care Flashcards

1
Q

Acute adrenal insufficiency tx

A

IVF, hydrocortisone

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2
Q

T1DM, BG=500

Kussmaul resp

A

DKA

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3
Q

Psuedohyponatremia

A

For every 100 ↑ BG, Na ↓ 1.6

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4
Q

Why do you need to worry about K in acidotic pt?

A

Acidotic pt w/ normal or low K, VERY depleted (in acidosis K is driven extracellularly)

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5
Q

DKA tx

A

IVF (5 L), electrolytes, CORRECT ACIDOSIS w/ insulin

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6
Q

T2DM, BG=700

++polyuria, ++dehydration

A

HHS

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7
Q

HHS tx

A

IVF (7 L), insulin slowly

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8
Q

If you correct hyperglycemia too quickly, risk of what?

A

Cerebral edema

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9
Q

↑ intraocular pressure

Halos, unilateral red eye w/ vomiting

A

Acute glaucoma

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10
Q

Acute glaucoma tx

A

Timolol drops, mannitol (osmotic diuresis), acetazolamide

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11
Q

Virchow’s triad

A

Hypercoagulable state, endothelial injury, stasis

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12
Q

Pulmonary embolism tx

A

Heparin 1st → enoxaparin or warfarin for minimum 3 months

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13
Q 
Mediastinal shift (tracheal deviation)
Absent breath sounds on one side
A

Tension PTX

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14
Q

Tension PTX tx

A

Needle decompression + chest tube

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15
Q

HTN urgency BP

A

S >220 or D >125

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16
Q

HTN emergency BP

17
Q

HTN emergency tx

A 
IV meds (nitroprusside or nicardipine), gradual reduction
Must reduce in 1 hr to avoid end organ damage
18
Q

HTN urgency tx

A

Oral meds (labetalol, clonidine, captopril)

19
Q

Sign of ↑ intracranial pressure in HTN emergency

A

Papilledema

20
Q

Causes of variceal and non-variceal UGIB

A 
Variceal = cirrhosis
Non-variceal = PUD, cancer
21
Q

BUN is ↑↑↑ and creatinine is ↑

22
Q

Tx for variceal and non-variceal UGIB

A

Variceal: octreotide

Non-variceal: PPI

23
Q

Causes of steady, well-localized abd pain

A

Ischemia, perforation, inflam, bleed

24
Q

Cause of colicky, poorly-localized abd pain

A

Obstruction

25
Q

Free air under diaphragm

A

GI tract perf and peritonitis

26
Q

RLQ pain, fever, vomiting

A

Appendicitis

27
Q

Epigastric pain, radiates to back, amylase, lipase

A

Acute pancreatitis

28
Q

When does acute pancreatitis need surgery?

A

If infxn or necrosis

29
Q

Best test to evaluate gallbladder and biliary tree?

Best test to evaluate gallbladder function?

A

US is best to evaluate gallbladder and biliary tree

HIDA is best to evaluate gallbladder function

30
Q

Dilated loops of bowel, air fluid levels

31
Q

Pain out of proportion

GI bleed

A

Mesenteric ischemia

32
Q

Beck’s Triad

Sign of?

A

JVD, hypoTN, muffled heart sounds

Pericardial effusion/tamponade

33
Q

Pericardial effusion/tamponade tx

A

EMERGENT, IVF, pericardiocentesis

34
Q

Status epilepticus lasts how long?

35
Q

Risk of status epilepticus

A

Brain damage

36
Q

Risk of correcting hypernatremia too fast

A

Cerebral Edema

37
Q

Risk of correcting hyponatremia too fast

A

Central pontine myelinitis

Internal Medicine (10 decks)

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