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Internal Medicine > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Ejection prob - inc volume

A

Systolic HF

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2
Q

Filling prob - inc pressure

A

Diastolic HF

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3
Q

Systolic HF is related to which type of cardiomyopathy?

A

Dilated

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4
Q

Diastolic HF is related to which type of cardiomyopathy?

A

Hypertrophic

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5
Q

1st line HTN meds

A

ACEI/ARB
Thiazide diuretic (HCTZ)
Black: CCB

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6
Q

Boot shaped heart

A

TOF

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7
Q

4 things that make up TOF

A

Pulmonary stenosis
RVH
Overriding aorta
VSD

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8
Q

Wide fixed S2

Non-cyanotic

A

ASD

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9
Q

Most common congenital defect

A

VSD

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10
Q

Continuous machinery murmur

A

PDA

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11
Q

Arms have different BPs

A

Coarctation of the aorta

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12
Q

Crescendo-decrescendo, 2 RICS, systolic

A

Aortic stenosis

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13
Q

High pitched blowing, 2-4 LICS, diastolic

A

Aortic regurg

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14
Q

Opening snap, low pitched rumble, apex, diastolic

A

Mitral stenosis

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15
Q

Blowing holosystolic, apex

A

Mitral regurg

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16
Q

Murmur associated w/ rheumatic dz

A

Mitral stenosis

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17
Q

Mid-systolic click, apex

A

MVP

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18
Q

Most murmurs (increase/decrease) with increased preload

A

Increase

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19
Q

The 2 murmurs that decrease with increased preload

A

MVP, HOCM

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20
Q

(+) ST elevation, (+) troponin

A

STEMI

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21
Q

(-) ST elevation, (+) troponin

A

NSTEMI

22
Q

(-) ST elevation, (-) troponin w/ chest pain and HEART score

A

Unstable angina

23
Q

7 meds to use for acute CAD (STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina)

A

MONA
BB
Plavix
Heparin

24
Q

Tachy, irregularly irregular, no P waves

A

A. fib

25
Q

Saw tooth pattern, tachy

A

A. flutter

26
Q

Narrow complex tachy

A

SVT

27
Q

Wide complex tachy

A

V. tach

28
Q

Tx to close PDA

A

Indomethacin

29
Q

No effective ventricular pumping

A

V. fib

30
Q

Many different P wave morphology

A

MAT

31
Q

Wide QRS and RSR’ in V1

A

RBBB

32
Q

Wide negative QRS in V1

A

LBBB

33
Q

Heart block w/ long PR

A

1st degree

34
Q

Heart block w/ lengthening PR intervals then dropped QRS

A

Mobitz I (Wenckebach)

35
Q

Heart block w/ randomly dropped QRS

A

Mobitz II

36
Q

Heart block w/ no relationship bt P and QRS

A

3rd degree

37
Q 
Osler nodes (painful lesions on fingers/toes)
Janeway lesions (painless lesions on palms/soles)
Roth spots (exudate in retina)
Palate petechiae, splinter hemorrhages
A

Endocarditis

38
Q

Occurs after viral illness

HF sx

A

Myocarditis

39
Q

CP relieved by leaning forward

A

Pericarditis

40
Q

Tx for pericarditis

A

Steroids, NSAIDs

41
Q

Pericardial knock

A

Constrictive pericarditis

42
Q

Inflammation of heart, blood vessels, and joints

Post-strep infxn

A

Rheumatic fever

43
Q

Aortic dissection DeBakey type 1, 2, 3 and tx

A

1: ascending/descending (surg)
2: only ascending (surg)
3: only descending (meds, control BP)

44
Q

Aortic dissection Stanford A and B and tx

A

A: ascending aorta - surg
B: beyond brachiocephalic (descending) - meds, control BP

45
Q

Severe pain, hypoTN, pulsatile mass

A

AAA

46
Q

6 P’s - pain, pallor, pulseless, paresthesia, poikilothermia, paralysis

A

PAD

47
Q

ABI score to diagnose PAD

A

ABI <0.9 = PAD

48
Q

Homan’s sign: pain in calf w/ dorsiflexion

A

DVT

49
Q

Shiny atrophic skin, ulcers

A

Chronic venous insufficiency

50
Q

Coronary artery spasm, may wake pt from sleep

A

Prinzmetal angina

51
Q

Tx for Prinzmetal angina

A

CCB, nitrates

Internal Medicine (10 decks)

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