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Casey: Panre > Pulmonology > Flashcards

Pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

Exudative pleural effusion makes you think of what dx?

A

TB, lung cancer

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2
Q

Transudative pleural effusion makes you think what dx?

A

CHF

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3
Q

Paradoxical pulses are ____ & found in what disorder?

A

Large decrease in systolic BP during inspiration

Found in asthma

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4
Q

Most common patient complaint w/ emphysema

A

SOB

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5
Q

Age to begin vaccinations for pneumococcal pneumonia

A

65

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6
Q

Prolonged expiration (low FEV1) suggests what dx

A

Asthma or COPD

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7
Q

Hampton’s hump on CXR=

A

PE

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8
Q

Pt s spleen is more susceptible to what kinds of organisms?

A

Encapsulated organisms, most commonly strep pneumoniae and H. Flu

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9
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in children lass than 1

A

RSV

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10
Q

Tx for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

A

Bactrim

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11
Q

Occupations assoc c berylliosis

A

Aerospace & nuclear plant workers

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12
Q

CXR finding assoc c berylliosis

A

Diffuse infiltrates c hilar adenopathy

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13
Q

Gold standard for dx of pleural effusion

A

Thoracocentesis

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14
Q

To decompress a tension pneumothorax, where do you put the needle?

A

2nd intercostal space at midclavicular line

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15
Q

Oseltamivir (tamiflu) may be given to children above what age?

A

1 yr

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16
Q

Zanamivir (Relenza) may be given to children above what age?

A

7 yrs

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17
Q

HIV pt with ground glass appearance on CXR makes you think what dx

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP, used to be CP)

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18
Q

Noncaseating granuloma should make you think of what dx

A

Sarcoidosis

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19
Q

Pearl formation on CXR should make you think of what dx

A

Squamous cell lung cancer

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20
Q

Ghon or Ranke complexes on CXR should make you think of what dx

A

TB

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21
Q

A westermark sign on CXR should make you think of what dx

A

PE

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22
Q

Mesothelioma is most commonly found in what location

A

Pleural lining

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23
Q

What CXR finding would make you think of mesothelioma

A

Pleural thickening–b/c most are found in pleural lining

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24
Q

Hyperinflation on CXR & eosinophilia on CBC should make you think of what dx

A

Asthma

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25
Q

Organism that is most common cause of pneumonia in a patient with cystic fibrosis

A

Pseudomonas

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26
Q

College student presents with pneumonia. What 2 organisms should you be thinking of?

A

Chlamydia & mycoplasma

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27
Q

You suspect pneumothorax. What instructions go along c order for CXR?

A

End expiratory view IOT look for visceral pleural air

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28
Q

3 most commonly used txs for COPD

A

Oxygen
Ipratropium
Albuterol

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29
Q

4 meds which may cause asthma

A

Beta blockers
NSAIDS
ACEI
ASA

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30
Q

Nodular opacities in upper lung fields makes you think of what dx

A

Silicosis

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31
Q

Initial tx for active TB

A 
INH
RIF
PZA
EMB
for several months followed by 
INF
RIF
Once sensitivities come back
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32
Q

Caseating granulomas should make you think of what dx

A

TB

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33
Q

Blue bloater refers to

A

Chronic bronchitis

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34
Q

Contralateral mediastinal shift should make you think of what dx

A

Tension pneumothorax

35
Q

Best test to dx bronchiectasis

A

CT

36
Q

Main side effects of isoniazid INH

A

Hepatitis and peripheral neuropathy

37
Q

Ethambutol has 2 major side effects

A

Optic neuritis

Red green vision loss

38
Q

Question that has anything to do with rats and pt has pneumonia, should be thinking of

A

yersinia pestis

39
Q

Most common organism causing pneumonia in COPD pts

A

Haemophilus influenze

40
Q

Where is a pancoast tumor found on CXR

A

At the apex of either the right or the left lung

41
Q

Will evidence of TB be found in the upper or lower lobes on CXR

A

Upper

42
Q

A pt has pneumonia with rust colored sputum. What is the organism?

A

Strep pneumoniae

43
Q

Coal miners lung often show nodular opacities in what lung fields

A

Upper lung fields

44
Q

When you step up the dx from intermittent asthma to mild persistent asthma, what medication should you add?

A

An inhaled steroid like fluticasone

45
Q

Any question about rabbits and pneumonia should make you think

A

tularemia

46
Q

Dullness to percussion should make you think of what dx

A

Lobar pneumonia

47
Q

A young child presents to ED and you see him sitting in tripod position. What is the most likely dx?

A

Epiglottitis

48
Q

6 extra pulmonary complications of lung cancer

A 
SPHERE
SVC syndrome 
Pancoast tumor
Horner's syndrome 
Endocrine problems
Recurrent laryngeal symptoms
Effusions (exudative)
49
Q

Currant jelly sputum should make you think of what dx

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

50
Q

What happens to total lung capacity in sarcoidosis?

A

It goes down.

51
Q

What will the likely findings be on a CXR of a pt c asbestosis?

A

Linear opacities at the bases with pleural plaques

52
Q

Tympany to percussion should make you think of what dx

A

Large pneumothorax

53
Q

3 most common cancers to metastasize to the lungs

A

Breast, liver, colon

54
Q

Barrel chest = what dx

A

Emphysema

55
Q

Are the lungs noisy or quiet in COPD

A

Quiet

56
Q

4 indications for flu vaccine

A

Child 6-59 months
Pregnant female
Healthcare worker
age greater than 50

57
Q

Posttussive rales should make you think of what dx

A

TB

58
Q

Bullae & blebs on CXR should make you think of what dx

A

Emphysema

59
Q

Rhochi or wheezes that clear after coughing suggest what dx

A

Bronchitis or atelectasis

60
Q

Does FEV1 go up or down with asthma?

A

It goes down

61
Q

A very sick pt with diffuse infiltrates that spare the costophrenic angles should make you think of what dx

A

ARDS

62
Q

Most common cause of bronchiectasis

A

Cystic fibrosis

63
Q

Gold standard for dx of cystic fibrosis

A

Sweat chloride test

64
Q

Exudative pleural effusion should make you think of what dx

A

TB, lung cancer

65
Q

First line abx for epiglottis

A

3rd gen ceph

Ceftriaxone

66
Q

Transudative pleural effusions should make you think of what dx

A

CHF

67
Q

What 2 lung cancers are typically found centrally on CXR

A

Small cell and squamous

68
Q

Pertussis is most commonly treated with what abx

A

Erythromycin

69
Q

4 most common places lung cancer will metastasize to

A

Bone
Brain
Adrenals
Liver

70
Q

If you come across a question where pt has erythema nodosum and an enlarged parotid gland, what is the most likely dx

A

Sarcoidosis

71
Q

A thin looking heart and flattened diaphragm on CXR should make you think of what dx

A

Emphysema

72
Q

An alcoholic who has been dx’ed w/ pneumonia most likely has what organism

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

73
Q

Honeycombing and tram tracks on the CXR should make you think of what dx

A

Bronchiectasis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

74
Q

Paradoxical pulses may be found in what pulmonary disorder

A

Asthma

75
Q

An older pt presents with pneumonia and diarrhea. What is the most likely dx?

A

Legionella pneumonia

76
Q

Eggshell opacities on CXR should make you think of what dx

A

Silicosis

77
Q

3 causes of decreased tactile fremitus

A

COPD
Asthma
Pleural effusion
Pneumothorax

78
Q

Hyper resonance to percussion should make you think of what dx

A

Emphysema
Pneumothorax
Asthma

79
Q

If you hear crackles in the lung fields list 3 differentials

A

Pneumonia
Fibrosis
CHF
Bronchitis

80
Q

Does total lung capacity go up or down in COPD

A

It goes up

81
Q

List 3 differentials if you hear wheezes on exam

A

Asthma
COPD
Bronchitis

82
Q

What is it called when a pt says “we” but on auscultation you here “ay”?

A

Egophony

83
Q

PE finding of egophony should make you think of what dx

A

Lobar pneumonia

84
Q

CXR shows vascular redistribution and blurred vascular outlines. What is the most likely dx

A

CHF

Casey: Panre (12 decks)

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