EENT Flashcards
Acute sinusitis is most commonly caused by which 2 pathogens
Strep pneumoniae & haemophilus influenza
Oral herpes is best treated with systemic or topical antivirals?
Topical is first line.
Systemic antivirals will help but are the only indicated for severe cases
A pt presents with several episodes of vertigo over the past few weeks. He has had intermittent unilateral hearing loss and a “blowing “ in his ears. What is the most likely dx?
Ménière’s disease
A white oral lesion which cannot be scraped off should make you think of what dx?
Oral leukoplakia
What type of hearing loss is associated with aging?
Sensory
What is the most commonly affected sinus in acute sinusitis?
Maxillary
A pt presents with a hot potato or muffled voice. What is the most likely dx?
Peritonsillar abscess
What time frame for chronic sinusitis?
> 3 months
List the time of yea when each of the following allergens is most prominent: pollen, grass, mold and ragweed
Pollen from trees and flowers: spring
Grasses are summer
Mold and ragweed are fall
How little my should pressure be applied to tx epistaxis?
:15
List the 4 things that suggest group A beta-hemolytic strep in a pt c pharyngitis
Fever
Tender anterior cervical adenopathy
No cough
Exudate in throat
A child presenting with an erythematous sandpaper rash should make you think of what dx
Scarlet fever
In a pt c sensorineural hearing loss, what will be the results of the Weber test?
The pt will hear the sound louder in the unaffected ear.
List 4 complications of untreated strep throat
Scarlet fever
Glomerulonephritis
Rheumatic fever
Local abscess
A pt presents with a round ulcer in her mouth that is yellow-grey and has a red halo. What is the most likely dx?
Aphthous ulcers
A pt presents drooling, with stridor and in tripod position. What is the dx and how do you treat it?
Epiglottitis is treated with a third generation cephalosporin–ceftriaxone.
White oral lesions which can be scraped off leaving punctate bleeding should make you think of what dx?
Oral candida
What are three possible treatments for peritonsillar abscess?
Needle aspiration
I&D
Tonsillectomy
What virus causes mumps?
Paramyxovirus
How do you treat allergic rhinitis?
Intranasal corticosteroid
Antihistamines
What is the treatment of choice for strep throat?
PCN
Amoxicillin
Erythromycin
A pt presents with unilateral hearing loss and a decrease in speech discrimination. She has also had difficulty with balance over the past week. What is the most likely dx?
Acoustic neuroma
A pt presents with acute swelling and pain in the cheek that increases at meals. What is the most likely dx?
Sialadenitis (salivary gland infection)
Staph aureus
When is watchful waiting with a dx of acoustic neuroma an appropriate plan?
This tumor is very slow growing. Watching a small tumor in an elderly patient is appropriate treatment.
What type of hearing loss would be caused by cerumen impaction?
Conductive
How do you administer the Weber hearing test?
Tuning fork placed in the middle of the forehead
A 14yo field hockey player presents with prominent adenopathy, white purple exudates in the throats and a palpable spleen. What is the most likely dx?
Mononucleosis
How do you administer the Rinne hearing test?
Place the tuning fork on the mastoid and the move it in front of the ear
Describe the result of a Weber hearing text in a pt with conductive hearing loss.
Pt will report the sound louder in the affected ear.
An X-ray of the skull reveals coalescence of mastoid air cells. What is the most likely dx?
Mastoiditis
After 10d of worsening sinusitis what abx should you start?
Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanate)
A 45yo female c/o feeling the ground rolling under her feet at times. What is the most likely dx?
Vertigo
A pt with a history of smoking presents with a new onset of hoarseness. This has been persistent for the past 2 weeks. What is the most likely dx?
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
A pt presents with acute onset of continuous severe vertigo for the past five days. He does have a hx of URI 2 wks ago? What is the most likely dx?
Labrynthitis
What does Kiesselbach’s plexus refer to?
A group of veins in the anterior nose which bleed a lot
Small grouped vesicles on the vermilion border should make you think of what dx?
Herpes simplex
