Pulmonology Flashcards
1
Q
Antitussive
A
medication that suppresses the cough reflex
2
Q
aspiration
A
unintentional inhalation of any substance other than air
3
Q
bronchoscopy
A
examination of the bronchi through a specialized instrument called a bronchoscope
4
Q
chest physiotherapy
A
type of therapy that includes percussion over the thorax or vibration and positioning to facilitate loosening and removal of respiratory secretions
5
Q
circumoral cyanosis
A
blue coloring around the mouth due to inadequate oxygenation
6
Q
corticosteroids
A
medications that suppress the immune response and decrease inflammation
7
Q
crackles
A
abnormal crackly lung sound heard with a stethoscope
8
Q
dyspnea
A
painful or difficult breathing
9
Q
exhalation
A
act of breathing out; also called expiration
10
Q
expectorant
A
medication that liquefies and loosens respiratory secretions to aid in expelling them
11
Q
febrile
A
fever causing
12
Q
hemoptysis
A
coughing up blood
13
Q
hypoxia
A
deficient level of oxygen
14
Q
hypoxic drive
A
backup system of respiration that stimulates breathing in a patient who is retaining carbon dioxide
15
Q
incentive spirometer
A
handheld device used by the patient to inhale a maximal breath to keep lungs expanded and functional
16
Q
inhalation
A
act of breathing in ; also called inspiration
17
Q
lobectomy
A
surgical removal of lobe of lung
18
Q
lymphadenopathy
A
swollen, tender cervical lymph nodes
19
Q
mantoux test
A
test to identify tuberculosis exposure
20
Q
metered dose inhaler
A
handheld device used to inhale medication into the lungs
21
Q
nasal cannula
A
oxygen tubing designed to deliver oxygen into a patient’s nose
22
Q
nebulizer
A
device that produces a fine spray or mist to deliver medication to the air passages and lungs
23
Q
peak flow meter
A
handheld device used to measure an individual’s lung capacity
24
Q
ph scale
A
scale used to measure acidity or alkalinity of a substance
25
pleural membranes
double membranes that cover the lungs and line the thoracic cavity
26
pulmonology
field of medicine that studies and treats respiratory disorders
27
pulmonologist
physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory disorders
28
pneumonectomy
surgical removal of an entire lung
29
pulmonary function test
measurement of air flow and lung volumes; also called spirometry
30
purulent
consisting of or containing pus
31
rhonchi
coarse gurgling sound heard on auscultation that is caused by secretions in the air passages
32
wedge resection
surgical removal of a small part of a lung
33
wheeze
somewhat musical sound heard in the lungs, usually with a stethoscope, that is caused by partial airway obstruction
34
are/o
air
| ex. aerophagia: swallowing air
35
bronch/o
| bronchi/o
bronchus
ex. bronchitis: inflammation of the bronchus
ex. bronchiectasis: dilation or expansion of the bronchus
36
chondr/o
cartilage
| ex. chrondroplasty: surgical repair of the cartilage
37
epiglott/o
epiglottis
| ex. epiglottal: pertaining to the epiglottis
38
laryng/o
larynx
| ex. laryngitis: inflammation of the larynx
39
nas/o
| rhin/o
nose
ex. nasogastric:pertaining to the nose and stomach
ex. rhinitis: inflammation of the nose (runny nose)
40
muc/o
mucus
| ex. mucoid: resembling mucus
41
or/o
| stomat/o
mouth
ex. oral: pertaining to the mouth
ex. stomatitis: inflammation of the mouth
42
orth/o
straight
| ex. orthopnea: breathing in the straight position
43
ox/o
oxygen
| ex. anoxia: condition of no oxygen
44
pharyng/o
pharynx
| ex. pharyngeal: pertaining to the pharynx
45
pleur/o
pleura
| ex. pleurodynia: pain in the pleura
46
pneum/o
| pneumon/o
lung, air
ex. pneumonia: condition of the lung
ex. pneumonectomy: surgical excision of the lung
47
pulmon/o
lung
| ex. pulmonary: pertaining to the lung
48
sinus/o
sinus
| ex. sinusoid: resembling a sinus
49
thorac/o
thorax
| ex. thoracentesis: surgical puncture of the thorax
50
tonsill/o
tonsils
| ex. tonsillitis: inflammation of the tonsils
51
trache/o
trachea
| ex. tracheotomy: surgical incision into the trachea
52
circum-
around
| ex. circumoral: pertaining to around the mouth
53
hypo-
below, beneath
| ex. hypoxia: condition of low oxygen
54
intra-
within
| ex. intrathoracic: pertaining to within the thorax
55
para-
beside, near
| ex. paranasal: pertaining to beside or near the nose
56
peri-
beside, near
| ex. peritonsillar: pertaining to beside or near the tonsils
57
post-
after, following
| ex. postnasal: pertaining to the posterior portion of the nose
58
-ary
pertaining to
| ex. pulmonary: pertaining to the lungs
59
-algia
pain
| ex. stomatalgia: mouth pain
60
-centesis
surgical punture
| ex. pleurocentesis: surgical puncture of the pleura
61
-cyte
cell
| ex. chondrocyte: cartilage cell
62
-desis
binding
| ex. pleurodesis: binding the pleura
63
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
| ex. laryngectomy: surgical removal of the llarynx
64
-logist
specialist in the study of
| ex. pulmonologist: specialist in the study and treatment of lung disorders
65
-ole
small
| ex. bronchiole: small bronchus
66
-plasty
surgical repair
| ex. rhinoplasty: surgical repair of the nose
67
-plegia
paralysis
| ex. laryngoplegia: paralyzed larynx
68
-scope
instrument used to view
| ex. laryngoscope: instrument used to view the larynx
69
-scopy
visual examination
| ex. bronchoscopy: visual examination of the bronchi
70
-stomy
mouthlike opening
| ex. tracheostomy: mouthlike opening in the trachea
71
ABGs
arterial blood gases
72
RT
respiratory therapy
73
ARDS
acute respiratory distress syndrome
74
SARS
sudden acute respiratory syndrome
75
COPD
chronic obstruction pulmonary disease
76
SOB
shortness of breath
77
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
78
Stat
immediately
79
CO2
carbon dioxide
80
TB
tuberculosis
81
O2
oxygen
82
URI
upper respiratory infection
83
PND
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
84
VC
vital capacity
85
acute respiratory distress syndrome
hypoxemia and respiratory failure due to severe inflammatory damage to the lungs after severe infection or trauma
86
allergic rhinitis
inflammation of the nasal membranes due to allergies; also called hay fever
87
asthma
disorder in which airways overreact to certain triggers with inflammation, resulting in narrowing, mucus production, and dyspnea; also called reactive airway disease
88
atelectasis
partial collapse of lung tissues, such as alveoli and bronchioles
89
bronchitis
infection of the bronchial passages, usually by a virus but possibly by bacteria
90
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
group of chronic lung disorders that includes emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma and creates obstructive changes in the bronchi and alveoli; also called chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD)
91
CROUP
acute viral disease, usually in children, marked by a barking,"seal-like" cough and respiratory distress
92
cystic fibrosis
fetal genetic disease that causes frequent respiratory infections, increased airway secretions, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in children
93
emphysema
common chronic obstructive respiratory disorder that causes permanent, destructive changes to respiratory structures
94
empyema
collection of infected fluid in a body cavity, usually between the pleura
95
epistaxis
nosebleed
96
epstein-barr virus
infection caused by the Epstein-barr virus (EBV) which is a member of the herpesvirus family, also known as mononucleosis or glandular fever
97
glomerulonephritis
type of kidney infection
98
hemothorax
condition in which blood has collected between the pleura linings of the lungs
99
hypercapnia
chronic retention of carbon dioxide in the blood
100
influenza
group of viral respiratory illnesses marked by fever, headache, muscle aches, rhinitis, fatigue, sore throat, dry cough, and gastrointestinal symptoms
101
lung cancer
group of several different types of cancer, including small cell, non small cell, squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, and large cell lung cancer
102
orthopnea
need to remain upright in order to breathe effectively
103
pharyngitis
sore throat
104
pleural effusion
collection of fluid in the pleural space
105
pneumonia
viral or bacterial infection of the lungs
106
pneumothorax
condition in which air has collected between the pleural linings of the lungs
107
pulmonary tuberculosis
contagious lung infection caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism
108
sinusitis
inflammation of the lining of the sinus cavities
109
upper respiratory infection
acute inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasal passages and throat caused by virus; also called the common cold or coryza
110
severe acute respiratory syndrome
viral respiratory illness marked by head and body aches, fever, and doug that may lead to severe pneumonia
111
stridor
medical emergency marked by a high-pitched upper airway sound (heard without stethoscope) that indicates airway obstruction
