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Medical Abbreviations > Endocrinology > Flashcards

Endocrinology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Endocrinologist

A

Medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis, and treatment of endocrine diseases and disorders

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2
Q

endocrinology

A

study of structures and functions of the endocrine system

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3
Q

exophthalmus

A

symptom of protruding eyeballs, usually caused by a severe form of hyperthyroidism called Grave’s disease

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4
Q

fasting

A

practice of denying the body all food or nutrition, usually for a specified period of time before laboratory tests or surgical procedures

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5
Q

glucometer

A

instrument used to measure glucose levels in the blood

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6
Q

glucosuria

A

presence of of glucose in the urine

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7
Q

goiter

A

enlarged thyroid gland

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8
Q

hyperglycemia

A

abnormally high blood glucose level

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9
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

condition of having excessive levels of thyroid hormone in the body

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10
Q

hypertrophy

A

excessive growth of tissue

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11
Q

hypoglycemia

A

abnormally low blood glucose levels

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12
Q

hypoglycemic

A

drug that lowers blood glucose levels

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13
Q

hypothyroidism

A

condition of inadequate levels of thyroid hormone in the body

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14
Q

negative feedback system

A

control system in which an increase or decrease in a substance stimulates the opposite response by a hormone

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15
Q

peripheral

A

away from the trunk of the body; in the extremeties

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16
Q

polydipsia

A

increased thirst

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17
Q

polyphagia

A

increased appetiete

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18
Q

polyuria

A

increased urination

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19
Q

venous

A

pertaining to the veins or the blood in the veins

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20
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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21
Q

adenopathy

A

disease of a gland

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22
Q

adrenal/o

adren/o

A

adrenal gland

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23
Q

adrenalectomy

A

surgical removal of the adrenal gland

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24
Q

adrenal

A

pertaining to the adrenal gland

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25
Q

calc/o

A

calcium

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26
Q

hypercalcemia

A

excessive calcium in the blood

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27
Q

gluc/o

glyc/o

A

sugar

glucose

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28
Q

glucogenesis

A

creating glucose

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29
Q

glycosuria

A

sugar in the urine

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30
Q

hydr/o

A

water

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31
Q

hydrolosis

A

destruction of water

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32
Q

oophor/o

ovari/o

A

ovary

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33
Q

oophorectomy

A

surgical removal of the ovaries

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34
Q

ovarioptosis

A

prolapse of the ovary

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35
Q

orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o
test/o

A

testes

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36
Q

orchopathy

A

disease of the testes

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37
Q

orchiectomy

A

surgical removal of the testes

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38
Q

orchidopexy

A

surgical fixation of the testes

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39
Q

testomegaly

A

enlargement of the testes

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40
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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41
Q

pancretography

A

process of recording the pancreas

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42
Q

parathyroid/o

A

parathyroid

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43
Q

parathyroidectomy

A

surgical removal of the parathyroid gland

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44
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

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45
Q

thymoma

A

tumor of the thymus

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46
Q

thyroid/o

A

thyroid

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47
Q

thyroiditis

A

inflammation of the thyroid

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48
Q

toxic/o

A

toxin, poison

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49
Q

toxicologist

A

specialist in the study of toxins

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50
Q

an-

A

without, absence of

51
Q

anorchidism

A

absence of testes

52
Q

anti-

A

against

53
Q

antiglycemic

A

pertaining to against sugar (refers to a medication that lowers the blood glucose levels)

54
Q

eu-

A

god, normal

55
Q

euthyroid

A

good or normal thyroid

56
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above

57
Q

hypo-

A

below, beneath

58
Q

algia

A

pain

59
Q

orchialgia

A

pain in the testes

60
Q

cele

A

hernia

61
Q

ovariocele

A

herniation of the ovary

62
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

63
Q

orchiectomy

A

surgical removal of the testes

64
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

65
Q

pancreatic

A

pertaining to the pancreas

66
Q

-lith

A

stone

67
Q

pancreatolith

A

pancreatic stone

68
Q

thyroidmegaly

A

enlargement of the thyroid

69
Q

-oma

A

tumor

70
Q

thymoma

A

tumor of the thymus

71
Q

-osis

A

abnormal

72
Q

toxicosis

A

abnormal condition of toxin or poisoning

73
Q

-otomy

A

incision

74
Q

thyroidotomy

A

incision into the thyroid

75
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

76
Q

orchidopexy

A

surgical fixation of a testicle

77
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

78
Q

ovariorrhexis

A

rupture of an ovary

79
Q

acromegaly

A

rare disorder, in which the pituitary gland becomes overactive after the individual has reached adulthood, secreting excessive amounts of growth hormone, which affects the bones and tissues of the face and extremities, causing them to become diproportionate

80
Q

Addison disease

A

disorder involving adrenal gland failure, which results in a chronic metabolic disorder that requires steroid hormone replacement therapy

81
Q

congenital hypothyroidism

A

type of hypothyroidism present at birth that results in arrested physical and mental development; formerly called cretinism

82
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

rare disorder caused by prolonged, excessive secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal glands, resulting in altered fat distribution and muscle weakness; also called hypercortisolism

83
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

abnormal condition that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes and results in the accumulation of ketone bodies secondary to the oxidation of fats; also called diabetic coma

84
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

disorder caused by lack of vasopressin and marked by output of abnormally large amounts of dilute urine, which results in increased thirst and the need for a dramatic increase in fluid intake

85
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

chronic metabolic disorder in which the pancreas secretes insufficient amounts of insulin or the body is insulin resistant

86
Q

dystocia

A

difficult labor caused by a small pelvic outlet or a large baby, commonly related to macrosomia

87
Q

eclampsia

A

condition caused by pregnancy induced hypertension in which the woman experiences severe hypertension, convulsions, and coma

88
Q

gestational diabetes

A

diabetes that begins during pregnancy secondary to insulin resistance and altered glucose metabolism

89
Q

gigantism

A

disorder in which the pituitary gland secretes excessive amounts of hGh

90
Q

hypopituitarism

A

condition that involves diminished secretion of pituitary hormones as a result of dysfunction of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; also called underactive pituitary gland

91
Q

insulin shock

A

condition caused by too much insulin, in which the blood glucose level is too low; usually below 40mg/dl; also called hypoglycemia

92
Q

macrosomia

A

condition of an abnormally large neonate caused when glucose crosses the placenta from a diabetic mother, causing the infant’s pancreas to make more insulin and storage of excess glucose in the baby’s body in the form of fat

93
Q

myxedema

A

life threatening condition of severe hypothyroidism, including sx such as fatigue, dry brittle hair, cold intolerance, weight gain, constipation, mental apathy, physical sluggishness, muscle aches, and skin changes due to infiltration by mucopolysaccharides, which gives it a waxy, coarsened appearance with non pitting edema

94
Q

nephropathy

A

disease of the kidneys commonly caused by poorly controlled

95
Q

neuropathy

A

disease of the nerves with many causes, including diabetes

96
Q

panhypopituitarism

A

condition resulting from diminished secretion of all hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

97
Q

pituitary dwarfism

A

form of hypopituitarism that results from the deficiency of hGh during childhood, resulting in stunted growth

98
Q

pregnancy induced hypertension

A

complication of pregnancy marked by increasing bp, urine protein, and edema

99
Q

retinopathy

A

disease of the retina, commonly caused by diabetes

100
Q

thyrotoxicosis

A

sudden, life threatening episode of worsening of hyperthyroidism sx

101
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absence of insulin production, resulting in hyperglycemia, aka juvenile onset diabetes and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

102
Q

type 2 diabetes

A

caused by decreased insulin production and decreased sensitivity of the body to insulin that is produced, which results in hyperglycemia, aka adult onset diabetes and non insulin dependent diabetes

103
Q

ADH

A

antidiuretic hormone (vassopressin)

104
Q

ACTH

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

105
Q

BG

A

blood glucose, also called blood sugar

106
Q

BS

A

blood sugar also known as blood glucose

107
Q

Ca

A

calcium

108
Q

CA

A

cancer

109
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

110
Q

FBG

A

fasting blood glucose; aka fasting blood sugar

111
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar; aka fasting blood glucose

112
Q

fsbs

A

finger stick blood sugar

113
Q

FSH

A

follicle stimulating hormone

114
Q

GH

A

growth hormone

115
Q

IDDM

A

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type 1 diabetes

116
Q

K

A

potassium

117
Q

LH

A

leutinizing hormone

118
Q

Na

A

sodium

119
Q

NIDDM

A

non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

120
Q

PTH

A

parathormone; parathyroid hormone

121
Q

t3

A

triodothyronine

122
Q

t4

A

thyroxine

123
Q

TSH

A

thyroid stimulating hormone

Medical Abbreviations (17 decks)

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