Endocrinology Flashcards
1
Q
Endocrinologist
A
Medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis, and treatment of endocrine diseases and disorders
2
Q
endocrinology
A
study of structures and functions of the endocrine system
3
Q
exophthalmus
A
symptom of protruding eyeballs, usually caused by a severe form of hyperthyroidism called Grave’s disease
4
Q
fasting
A
practice of denying the body all food or nutrition, usually for a specified period of time before laboratory tests or surgical procedures
5
Q
glucometer
A
instrument used to measure glucose levels in the blood
6
Q
glucosuria
A
presence of of glucose in the urine
7
Q
goiter
A
enlarged thyroid gland
8
Q
hyperglycemia
A
abnormally high blood glucose level
9
Q
hyperthyroidism
A
condition of having excessive levels of thyroid hormone in the body
10
Q
hypertrophy
A
excessive growth of tissue
11
Q
hypoglycemia
A
abnormally low blood glucose levels
12
Q
hypoglycemic
A
drug that lowers blood glucose levels
13
Q
hypothyroidism
A
condition of inadequate levels of thyroid hormone in the body
14
Q
negative feedback system
A
control system in which an increase or decrease in a substance stimulates the opposite response by a hormone
15
Q
peripheral
A
away from the trunk of the body; in the extremeties
16
Q
polydipsia
A
increased thirst
17
Q
polyphagia
A
increased appetiete
18
Q
polyuria
A
increased urination
19
Q
venous
A
pertaining to the veins or the blood in the veins
20
Q
aden/o
A
gland
21
Q
adenopathy
A
disease of a gland
22
Q
adrenal/o
adren/o
A
adrenal gland
23
Q
adrenalectomy
A
surgical removal of the adrenal gland
24
Q
adrenal
A
pertaining to the adrenal gland
25
calc/o
calcium
26
hypercalcemia
excessive calcium in the blood
27
gluc/o
| glyc/o
sugar
| glucose
28
glucogenesis
creating glucose
29
glycosuria
sugar in the urine
30
hydr/o
water
31
hydrolosis
destruction of water
32
oophor/o
| ovari/o
ovary
33
oophorectomy
surgical removal of the ovaries
34
ovarioptosis
prolapse of the ovary
35
orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o
test/o
testes
36
orchopathy
disease of the testes
37
orchiectomy
surgical removal of the testes
38
orchidopexy
surgical fixation of the testes
39
testomegaly
enlargement of the testes
40
pancreat/o
pancreas
41
pancretography
process of recording the pancreas
42
parathyroid/o
parathyroid
43
parathyroidectomy
surgical removal of the parathyroid gland
44
thym/o
thymus
45
thymoma
tumor of the thymus
46
thyroid/o
thyroid
47
thyroiditis
inflammation of the thyroid
48
toxic/o
toxin, poison
49
toxicologist
specialist in the study of toxins
50
an-
without, absence of
51
anorchidism
absence of testes
52
anti-
against
53
antiglycemic
pertaining to against sugar (refers to a medication that lowers the blood glucose levels)
54
eu-
god, normal
55
euthyroid
good or normal thyroid
56
hyper-
excessive, above
57
hypo-
below, beneath
58
algia
pain
59
orchialgia
pain in the testes
60
cele
hernia
61
ovariocele
herniation of the ovary
62
-ectomy
surgical removal
63
orchiectomy
surgical removal of the testes
64
-ic
pertaining to
65
pancreatic
pertaining to the pancreas
66
-lith
stone
67
pancreatolith
pancreatic stone
68
thyroidmegaly
enlargement of the thyroid
69
-oma
tumor
70
thymoma
tumor of the thymus
71
-osis
abnormal
72
toxicosis
abnormal condition of toxin or poisoning
73
-otomy
incision
74
thyroidotomy
incision into the thyroid
75
-pexy
surgical fixation
76
orchidopexy
surgical fixation of a testicle
77
-rrhexis
rupture
78
ovariorrhexis
rupture of an ovary
79
acromegaly
rare disorder, in which the pituitary gland becomes overactive after the individual has reached adulthood, secreting excessive amounts of growth hormone, which affects the bones and tissues of the face and extremities, causing them to become diproportionate
80
Addison disease
disorder involving adrenal gland failure, which results in a chronic metabolic disorder that requires steroid hormone replacement therapy
81
congenital hypothyroidism
type of hypothyroidism present at birth that results in arrested physical and mental development; formerly called cretinism
82
Cushing syndrome
rare disorder caused by prolonged, excessive secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal glands, resulting in altered fat distribution and muscle weakness; also called hypercortisolism
83
diabetic ketoacidosis
abnormal condition that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes and results in the accumulation of ketone bodies secondary to the oxidation of fats; also called diabetic coma
84
diabetes insipidus
disorder caused by lack of vasopressin and marked by output of abnormally large amounts of dilute urine, which results in increased thirst and the need for a dramatic increase in fluid intake
85
diabetes mellitus
chronic metabolic disorder in which the pancreas secretes insufficient amounts of insulin or the body is insulin resistant
86
dystocia
difficult labor caused by a small pelvic outlet or a large baby, commonly related to macrosomia
87
eclampsia
condition caused by pregnancy induced hypertension in which the woman experiences severe hypertension, convulsions, and coma
88
gestational diabetes
diabetes that begins during pregnancy secondary to insulin resistance and altered glucose metabolism
89
gigantism
disorder in which the pituitary gland secretes excessive amounts of hGh
90
hypopituitarism
condition that involves diminished secretion of pituitary hormones as a result of dysfunction of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; also called underactive pituitary gland
91
insulin shock
condition caused by too much insulin, in which the blood glucose level is too low; usually below 40mg/dl; also called hypoglycemia
92
macrosomia
condition of an abnormally large neonate caused when glucose crosses the placenta from a diabetic mother, causing the infant's pancreas to make more insulin and storage of excess glucose in the baby's body in the form of fat
93
myxedema
life threatening condition of severe hypothyroidism, including sx such as fatigue, dry brittle hair, cold intolerance, weight gain, constipation, mental apathy, physical sluggishness, muscle aches, and skin changes due to infiltration by mucopolysaccharides, which gives it a waxy, coarsened appearance with non pitting edema
94
nephropathy
disease of the kidneys commonly caused by poorly controlled
95
neuropathy
disease of the nerves with many causes, including diabetes
96
panhypopituitarism
condition resulting from diminished secretion of all hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
97
pituitary dwarfism
form of hypopituitarism that results from the deficiency of hGh during childhood, resulting in stunted growth
98
pregnancy induced hypertension
complication of pregnancy marked by increasing bp, urine protein, and edema
99
retinopathy
disease of the retina, commonly caused by diabetes
100
thyrotoxicosis
sudden, life threatening episode of worsening of hyperthyroidism sx
101
type 1 diabetes
chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absence of insulin production, resulting in hyperglycemia, aka juvenile onset diabetes and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
102
type 2 diabetes
caused by decreased insulin production and decreased sensitivity of the body to insulin that is produced, which results in hyperglycemia, aka adult onset diabetes and non insulin dependent diabetes
103
ADH
antidiuretic hormone (vassopressin)
104
ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone
105
BG
blood glucose, also called blood sugar
106
BS
blood sugar also known as blood glucose
107
Ca
calcium
108
CA
cancer
109
DM
diabetes mellitus
110
FBG
fasting blood glucose; aka fasting blood sugar
111
FBS
fasting blood sugar; aka fasting blood glucose
112
fsbs
finger stick blood sugar
113
FSH
follicle stimulating hormone
114
GH
growth hormone
115
IDDM
insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type 1 diabetes
116
K
potassium
117
LH
leutinizing hormone
118
Na
sodium
119
NIDDM
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
120
PTH
parathormone; parathyroid hormone
121
t3
triodothyronine
122
t4
thyroxine
123
TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone
