Pulmonary Vascular Disorders Flashcards
The pulmonary arteries are about 1/3rd the wall thickness of aorta thickness but is highly compliant allowing for higher volume of blood which will allow a low pressure or high pressure environment?
for low pressure and high volume of blood
What is the difference between a blood clot and embolism?
Fibrin Mesh
What is Virchow’s Triad?
- Reduced or turbulent blood flow (stasis)
- Vessel wall injury (surgery, trauma)
- Hypercoagulable states
How long do you treat a provoked clot?
3-months of anticoagulation
How long do you treat an unprovoked clot?
Forever
What is the most likely cancer to cause a DVT?
Multiple myeloma
What is the most common cause of fat embolism?
Injury to long bones due to orthopedic surgery
What is the most common pathogen causing septic emboli?
S. aureus
What is the most associated cause of septic emboli?
IVDU
What are some causes of air embolism?
Iatrogenic
Scuba Diving “the bends”
What can you find on physical exam with air embolism?
Crepitus
When are likely times an amniotic embolism will occur?
During labs or immediately postpartum
What factors are associated with an increased risk of amniotic embolism?
- Premature delivery
- Advanced maternal age
- Abnormal attachment site of placenta
- Preeclampsia
- C-section
- Polyhydramnios
What is the presentation of pulmonary embolism?
- Pleuritic chest pain
- SOB, hypoxia
- Syncope
- Shock (right sided heart failure)
- Findings of DVT
- Cough
- Hemoptysis
- Tachycardia
What are the four classification categories of PE?
Massive
Submassive with right heart strain
Submassive without right heart strain
Subsegmental
