pulmonary embryo & histo

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

what is this a 3D picture of

Answer 21

alveoli

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

what phase is this

Answer 30

pseudoglandular

Question 31

what phase is this

Answer 31

canalicular

Question 32

what phase is this

Answer 32

terminal sac (saccular)

Question 33

what phase is this

Answer 33

alveolar

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

function of ciliated epithelium in trachea

Answer 35

mucociliary elevator- washes debris upward

Question 36

function of cartilage in trachea

Answer 36

holds airway open

Question 37

function of lamina propria in trachea

Answer 37

holds host defense cells

Question 38

function of trachealis m. on dorsal surface of trachea

Answer 38

allows esophagus to expand into trachea when swallowing

Question 39

what cells in lamina propria of trachea perform secretion, & secrete what

Answer 39

goblet cells
secrete mucins

Question 40

bronchi

-patency due to _____
-epithelium type
-secretory cells

Answer 40

-patency due to cartilage
-pseudostratified
-mucous

Question 41

alveoli

-patency due to _____
-epithelium type
-secretory cells

Answer 41

-patency due to elastic tissue of lung
-simple squamous
-club cells, type II

Question 42

first part of airway that no longer has cartilage

Answer 42

bronchioles

Question 43

type I pneumocytes in alveoli are what tissue type, & function

Answer 43

simple squamous epithelium

gas exchange

Question 44

type II pneumocytes in alveoli are what tissue type, & function

Answer 44

simple cuboidal epithelium

secretes surfactant

Question 45

what is the minimum barrier for diffusion of CO2 & O2

Answer 45

2 simple squamous cells & water

Question 46

function of surfactant

Answer 46

reduces surface tension of water coating alveoli
= keeps alveoli open

Question 47

Answer 47

Question 48

respiratory system begins as a _____ off of the _____ located _____

Answer 48

begins as a diverticulum (lined w endoderm) / “lung bud”
off of the gut tube
between 4th & 6th pharyngeal arches

Question 49

mesenchymal condensations around the laryngeal orifice gives rise to _____

Answer 49

epiglottis
thyroid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage
cricoid cartilage

Question 50

_____ around the _____ gives rise to epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, arytenoid cartilage, cricoid cartilage

Answer 50

mesenchymal condensations
around the
laryngeal orifice

Question 51

endoderm gives rise to _____

Answer 51

epithelium & glands

Question 52

splanchnic (visceral) mesoderm gives rise to _____

Answer 52

stroma, cartilage, fibrous tissue

Question 53

laryngotracheal diverticulum is separated from gut tube by _____; & then immediately the respiratory bud _____

Answer 53

tracheoesophageal septum

respiratory bud splits into 2 branches- (primary bronchi)

Question 54

if something goes wrong w tracheoesophageal septum what happens, & most common form is what

Answer 54

tracheoesophageal fistulas
-abnormal connections between trachea & esophagus

esophageal atresia
-newborn immediately coughs up milk; regurg. enters lung

Question 55

if lung bud doesn’t separate into 2 bronchi, two things can happen

Answer 55

agenesis (only one lung)

hypoplasia (two small lungs)

Question 56

weeks for pseudoglandular period; & is fetus viable

Answer 56

6-16 weeks

fetus NOT viable

Question 57

weeks for canalicular period; & is fetus viable

Answer 57

16-26 weeks

fetus only viable after 24 weeks

Question 58

what fetus age is surfactant first produced

Answer 58

20 weeks

Question 59

weeks for terminal sac period

Answer 59

26-birth

Question 60

weeks for alveolar period

Answer 60

32 weeks - 8 years

Question 61

_____ folding brings heart & septum transversum into thorax region

Answer 61

cephalocaudal folding

Question 62

after cephalocaudal folding, part of heart is _____

Answer 62

anchored to anterior body wall via septum transversum

Question 63

how is the diaphragm formed

Answer 63

-septum transversum fuses w pleuroperitoneal membrane (divides pleural & peritoneal cavities)
-muscles from body wall contributes to diaphragm as body grows

Question 64

what happens if pleuroperitoneal canal doesn’t close

Answer 64

congenital diaphragmatic hernia
-intestines herniate into pleural cavity