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FOM 3 wks 1-6 > bronchial tree > Flashcards

bronchial tree Flashcards

1
Q

which lung is larger, & why

A

right

bc of heart on left

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2
Q

name of pleura that adheres to thoracic wall / mediastinum / diaphragm

A

parietal pleura

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3
Q

name of pleura that adheres to lungs

A

visceral pleura

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4
Q

name of area of continuity between parietal & visceral pleura

A

pleural sleeve

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5
Q

apex of lung goes _____ clavicle

A

above

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6
Q

which rib aligns with horizontal fissure

A

rib 4

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7
Q

oblique fissure spatial relationship with ribs

A

starts laterally at rib 4 -> descends to meet rib 6 at midclavicular line

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8
Q

anterior midclavicular base of b/l lungs is at what rib level

A

rib 6

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9
Q

anterior midclavicular pleural cavity b/l ends at what rib level

A

rib 8

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10
Q

what costal cartilage # does cardiac notch start at

A

costal cartilage 4

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11
Q

pleural cavity spaces are filled with _____

A

fluid

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12
Q

outer pleural cavity is composed of _____; inner pleural cavity is composed of _____

A

outer- parietal pleura
inner- visceral pleura

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13
Q

the 2 pleura that line inner & outer of pleural cavity are _____, & join to form _____

A

continuous

join to form each hilum

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14
Q

where is the costomediastinal recess

A

left side of thorax-
medial to lung (space for heart & mediastinum)

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15
Q

location of costodiaphragmatic recess

A

space between lung & diaphragm

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16
Q

the lungs _____ expand; _____ within the lungs draws air in

A

passively expand

negative pressure

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17
Q

pleural cavities expand by _____

A

action of the diaphragm & thoracic wall muscles

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18
Q

thorax is a _____ machine

A

negative pressure

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19
Q

what is a pneumothorax, & what can cause it

A

air inside pleural cavities but outside lungs

caused by perforation of lung or chest wall

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20
Q

what is a pleural effusion

A

fluid pooling in pleural cavities

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21
Q

what is a hemothorax

A

blood in pleural cavities

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22
Q

what is a chylothorax, & what causes it

A

lymph in pleural cavities

caused by torn thoracic duct

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23
Q

how much lymph does thoracic duct pass every 24 hrs

A

1 gallon lymph

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24
Q

what is a hydrothorax

A

serous fluid in pleural cavities

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25
what is a pyothorax / empyema
pus in pleural cavities
26
what is primary procedure called to drain pleural cavities; & where is it done
thoracentesis posterior 8, 9, 10 intercostal spaces
27
what is procedure called to drain pleural cavities when there's TONS of fluid; & where is it done
tube thoracostomy beneath axilla, 5 intercostal space
28
when doing either procedure to drain pleural cavities, where is best to enter in relation to ribs
ABOVE ribs to avoid intercostal V, A, N
29
contents of hilum listed in order of wall thickness
(thickest) pulmonary bronchi pulmonary a. pulmonary v. (thinnest)
30
what does RALS mean
RIGHT lung- pulmonary a. is ANTERIOR to bronchus LEFT lung- pulmonary a. is SUPERIOR to bronchus
31
_____ is the inferior extension of the hilum
pulmonary ligament
32
tricuspid valve also called _____
right atrioventricular valve
33
aortic valve also called _____
aortic / left semilunar valve
34
pulmonary valve also called _____
pulmonary / right semilunar valve
35
mitral valve also called _____
bicuspid valve left atrioventricular valve
36
foreign object inhaled will most likely follow what path
trachea -> right main bronchus -> bronchus intermedius -> inferior lobar bronchus -> inferior lobe of right lung
37
bronchial aa. branch from _____ on the left; from _____ on the right
thoracic aorta on the LEFT 3rd posterior intercostal a. on the RIGHT
38
right bronchial vv. drain to _____ -> then _____
right bronchial vv. -> azygos v. -> SVC
39
left bronchial vv. drain to _____ -> then _____ -> then _____
left bronchial vv. -> hemi-azygous vv. -> azygos v. -> SVC
40
% of blood from bronchial aa. drained by bronchial vv.
13%
41
% of blood from bronchial aa. drained by pulmonary vv.
87%
42
peripheral diaphragmatic & costal parietal pleura are innervated by _____
intercostal nn.
43
central diaphragmatic & mediastinal parietal pleura are innervated by _____
phrenic n.
44
parietal pleura are _____ to painful stimuli
very sensitive
45
visceral pleura (& lungs) are _____ to painful stimuli
insensitive
46
visceral pleura & lungs are innervated by _____
visceral afferents from autonomic fibers
47
mediastinum boundaries
anterior- sternum laterally- lungs posterior- vertebral column
48
contents of superior mediastinum (anterior to posterior)
(That Bitch Carla ATE, she was superior) (anterior) -thymus -brachiocephalic veins leading to SVC -cardiac plexus & phrenic n. -aortic arch -trachea -esophagus (posterior)
49
contents & location of anterior mediastinum
between pericardium & sternum -fatty tissue -lymph nodes -internal thoracic a. & v.
50
contents of middle mediastinum
-pericardial sac -pericardium -heart -ascending aorta -pulmonary trunk
51
location & contents of posterior mediastinum
posterior to tracheal bifurcation & pericardial sac -descending thoracic aorta -esophagus -thoracic duct -azygos vv.
52
where do the intercostal aa. in the 1st & 2nd intercostal spaces originate from
costo-cervical trunk
53
where do the intercostal aa. in the 3rd - 11th intercostal spaces originate from
aorta
54
movement of aorta as it descends through thorax
starts anterior, then wraps around on the left -> ends up behind esophagus as they pass through diaphragm
55
how does the position of aorta & esophagus change as they go from thorax to abdomen
thorax: aorta on LEFT, esophagus on RIGHT abdomen: aorta on RIGHT, esophagus on LEFT
56
azygos v. drains the _____
right thoracic wall
57
location of azygos v. in relation to esophagus
azygos v. is posterior to (behind) esophagus
58
hemiazygous vv. cross _____ to drain into _____
cross midline to drain into azygous v.
59
left thoracic wall is drained by _____ at what spinal level
the hemiazygous vv. system T8
60
left superior intercostal v. spinal level
above T4
61
accessory hemiazygous v. spinal level
T4 - T8
62
hemiazygous v. spinal level
below T8
63
aortic hiatus spinal level
T12
64
what passes through aortic hiatus
aorta azygos v. thoracic duct
65
aortic hiatus is made out of what
lateral sides: right crus & left crus (diaphragmatic crura) anterior: median arcuate ligament
66
Superior mediastinum location
Above sternal angle / T4
67
Inferior mediastinum location
Below sternal angle / T4
68
2 categories of mediastinum
Superior Inferior
69
The categories of the inferior mediastinum
Anterior Middle Posterior

FOM 3 wks 1-6 (27 decks)

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