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Physiology #4 > Pulmonary Circulation > Flashcards

Pulmonary Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

Pulmonary circulation has _______ pressures than the systemic circulation

A

LOWER pressures

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2
Q

Pulmonary circulation has _______ resistance than the systemic circulation

A

LOWER resistance

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3
Q

Pulmonary circulation has _______ compliance than the systemic circulation

A

HIGHER compliance

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4
Q

Pulmonary circulation has _______ than the systemic circulation

A

LOWER volume

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5
Q

It takes about ___-___ seconds for a RBC to travel through the pulmonary circulation at resting CO. How much time is spent in the pulmonary capillaries?

A

4-5 seconds
0.75 seconds

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6
Q

Are the diameters of pulmonary arteries and arterioles smaller or larger than systemic arterioles?

A

LARGER

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7
Q

What are the walls like of pulmonary arteries and arterioles?

A

They are thin and distensible = they have large compliance

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8
Q

Are pulmonary capillaries more or less distensible than systemic capillaries?

A

MORE distensible/compliant

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9
Q

Is there a population of pulmonary capillaries that are closed at rest?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Are pulmonary veins shorter or longer than systemic veins?

A

SHORTER than systemic veins

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11
Q

Bronchial circulation supplies oxygen and nutrients to the ___________ __________ down to the ________ _______.

A
  • tracheobronchial tree
  • terminal bronchioles
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12
Q

Bronchial circulation also goes to the:

A
  • Pulmonary blood vessels
  • Visceral pleura
  • Nerves
    -Hilar lymph nodes
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13
Q

How much bronchial flow is CO of the left ventricle?

A

About 2%

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14
Q

Blood in the left atrium has a slightly ______ O2 concentration than blood in the ________ _______. WHY?

A
  • LOWER
  • PULMONARY CAPILLARIES
  • BC some deoxygenated blood from bronchial venins mix with oxygenated blood in pulmonary veins
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15
Q

Where do structures in the respiratory zone receive oxygen directly from?

A

Diffusion from the alveolar air and receive nutrients from the mixed venous blood in the pulm. circulation

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16
Q

Pulm. Circulation is a ______ pressure and a ______ resistance circuit.

A

LOW pressure
LOW resistance

17
Q

Systemic circulation of 120/80 makes MAP = ______ (____)

A

93 mmHg

18
Q

Pulmonary circulation of 25/8 makes MAP = _____ (____)

A

14 mmHg

19
Q

Pressure continues to ________ as it goes to the pulmonary capillaries and left atrium

A

DECREASE

20
Q

Pulmonary blood volume accounts for how much blood volume?

A

Approx 9% but is highly variable

21
Q

During inspiration, does the volume of the pulmonary circulation circuit go UP or DOWN?

A

UP. Because Pip becomes more negative, pulling blood vessels open.

22
Q

During expiration, does the volume of the pulmonary circulation circuit go UP or DOWN?

A

DOWN

23
Q

Does lying down increase or decrease blood volume? WHY?

A

INCREASES blood volume
- there is less of a gravitational effect

24
Q

Do diseases like heart failure increase or decrease the volume of the pulmonary circuit?

A

INCREASE the volume
- Isn’t a good thing
- Can be why there’s increased risk for pulm. edema

25
Q

Are pulmonary vessels far more distensible?

A

YES
- can alter their size and adjust to change their pulmonary volumes

26
Q

Does CO increase or decrease with exercise?

A

It INCREASES about 4-7 times with heavy exercise. However, only a small increase in pulmonary artery pressure

27
Q

At rest, are multiple pulmonary capillary networks OPEN or CLOSED?

A

They are CLOSED but they are capable of opening up if necessary

28
Q

What will opening more capillaries do to the total resistance?

A

When you open more capillaries you INCREASE the surface area, and this DECREASES the total resistance

29
Q

T/F: Pulmonary circulation is NOT as prone to hypertension as the systemic circulation

A

True

30
Q

During exercise, cardiac output may increase 7-fold but the MAP of the pulmonary circultion will only increase 1-2 mmHg. HOW?

A

An INCREASE in blood flow DECREASES the PVR (resistance). This is why there is not much of a change in MAP.

31
Q

What is the mechanism that allows pulmonary resistance to FALL when flow goes up?

A
  1. The RECRUITMENT of pulmonary capillaries
  2. The DISTENTION of pulmonary capillaries
32
Q

What happens to the blood vessels when PAO2 (the alveolar concentration of O2) drops to 70 mmHg from 100 mmHg?

A

The neighboring blood vessels CONSTRICT

33
Q

What happens to the blood vessels when PAO2 is high?

A

The blood vessels will dilate. Blood will be delivered to the alveoli where it will be most effective at gas exchange

34
Q

What would happen throughout the pulmonary circulation at a high altitude where PAO2 is reduced?

A

Would cause vasoconstriction throughout pulmonary circuit, which would cause pulm. hypertension.

35
Q
A

Physiology #4 (11 decks)

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