Pulmo Flashcards

1
Q

occur without clinically apparent lung disease, either spontaneously or from penetration of the intrapleural space by trauma

A

Primary pneumothoraces

age 15 years and older with a higher rate for males (20.8) than females

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2
Q

happen in patients with underlying lung disease

A

Secondary p thoraces

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3
Q

Risk factors for pneumothorax

A
cigarette smoking, 
male gender, 
mitral valve prolapse, 
Marfan’s syndrome, and 
changes in ambient pressure
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4
Q

Causes of Secondary Pneumothorax

A

Airway disease

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Asthma
  • Cystic fibrosis (8%–20% will develop one in lifetime) Interstitial lung disease
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Pulmonary fibrosis
  • Tuberous sclerosis Infection
  • Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Pneumocystis pneumonia
  • Tuberculosis
  • Bacterial pneumonia, necrotizing
  • Lung abscess

Connective tissue disease

  • Marfan’s syndrome
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
  • Scleroderma
  • Rheumatoid arthritis Cancer
  • Primary lung or metastatic disease Catamenial pneumothorax
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5
Q

most common physical finding pneumothorax

A

Sinus tachycardia

Other classic (albeit uncommon) findings include ipsilateral decreased breath sounds, hyperresonance to percussion, and decreased or absent tactile fremitus

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6
Q

tension pneumothorax s/sx

A

tracheal d tion away from the involved side, hyperresonance of the affected side, hypotension, and profound dyspnea

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