Pulmo Flashcards
occur without clinically apparent lung disease, either spontaneously or from penetration of the intrapleural space by trauma
Primary pneumothoraces
age 15 years and older with a higher rate for males (20.8) than females
happen in patients with underlying lung disease
Secondary p thoraces
Risk factors for pneumothorax
cigarette smoking, male gender, mitral valve prolapse, Marfan’s syndrome, and changes in ambient pressure
Causes of Secondary Pneumothorax
Airway disease
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Asthma
- Cystic fibrosis (8%–20% will develop one in lifetime) Interstitial lung disease
- Sarcoidosis
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Tuberous sclerosis Infection
- Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Pneumocystis pneumonia
- Tuberculosis
- Bacterial pneumonia, necrotizing
- Lung abscess
Connective tissue disease
- Marfan’s syndrome
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
- Scleroderma
- Rheumatoid arthritis Cancer
- Primary lung or metastatic disease Catamenial pneumothorax
most common physical finding pneumothorax
Sinus tachycardia
Other classic (albeit uncommon) findings include ipsilateral decreased breath sounds, hyperresonance to percussion, and decreased or absent tactile fremitus
tension pneumothorax s/sx
tracheal d tion away from the involved side, hyperresonance of the affected side, hypotension, and profound dyspnea