PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES OF LARGE SCALE MIGRATION Flashcards
DRIVERS OF MIGRATION
MACRO:
- POLITICAL
- DEMOGRAPHIC
- SOCIOECONOMIC
- ENVIRONMENTAL
MESO:
- COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
- LAND GRABBING
- DIASPORA LINK
MICRO:
- EDUCATION
- RELIGION
- MARITAL STATUS
- PERSONAL ATTITUDE
GENERAL GROUPS OF PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES?
Communicable diseases
Non-Communicable diseases Maternal and child health Reproductive health Sexually Transmitted disease Drug abuse Psychosocial health Nutrition disorders
MIGRANTS AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
No systematic association!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Importation occurs due to regular travellers, tourists or health care workers rather than refugees or migrants.
Migrants came from communities affected by war, conflicts or economic crisis and undertake long exhausting journeys are at high risk.
Need to protect the spread among resident population
HIV TESTING SHOULD BE OFFERED TO ALL MIGRANTS COMING FROM COUNTRIES WHERE HIV PREVALENCE EXCEEDS:
1%
MIGRATION AND NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES?
Impact of migration on the health of people with NCDs:
Physical injuries: secondary infections and poor control of glycemia compromise management of acute traumatic injuries
Loss of access to medication or devices, loss of prescriptions
Disruption of treatment
Degradation of living conditions
Minimum standards for responding to the needs of refugees and migrants with NCDs
Identify individuals with NCDs to ensure continuing access to the treatment
Ensure treatment of people with acute, life threatening exacerbation and complications of NCDs
Establish clear referral pathways (Standard operating procedures)
Ensure that essential diagnostic equipment, core laboratory tests and medication for routine management of NCDs are available in the primary health care system
PREGNANCY, MATERNITY AND REPRODUCTIVE CARE FOR MIGRANTS
Pregnancy and maternity care:
Inform women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy of their rights to maternity care
Explain the NHS system ofantenatal care(including routine antenatal screening) andpostnatal care(including health visiting services).
Support women toregister for GP services.
Sexual and reproductive health:
Differentreligions and cultureshave different beliefs and practices concerning menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth.
Explore the individual’s beliefs and understanding. If an individual experiences language barriers, ensure they have access toprofessional interpreting and translation services.
NHSroutine cervical screeningandbreast screening programmes, HPV vaccination for girls up to 18 years.
Sexual health promotion including safer sex advice is important to address with all sexually active people.
WHO TOOLKIT FOR MIGRATION AND HEALTH
- ‘Toolkit for assessing health system capacity to manage large influxes of refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants’
- to address the health response of countries on the frontline of migration
(2016): The newly released toolkit, produced with the support of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), is a concrete instrument to ensure that refugees, migrants and host citizens have the same opportunities to access health care, in line with the European policy framework Health 2020 and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Preparations for arrival of large-scale migrants - WHO TOOLKIT GUIDANCE
Identifying the context
Forcasting critical incidents
Forcasting the health implications of the critical incidents
Planning for emergency and non-emergency health care needs
Planning for maternal and infant health needs
Unaccompanied minors
Planning for psychosocial support
Forecasting and planning sites and shelter needs
Planning for water, sanitation and hygeine
Nutrition and food safety
Forecasting indirect health implications
Forecasting economic implications
Forecasting social tention
