Public Health And Health Promotion

Question 1

What are the 4 main categories if public health ?

Answer 1

1) Improving the population health
2) Making people healthy
3) Saving lives
4) Life expectancy

Question 2

Define public health …

Answer 2

“Public Health is the science and art of preventing diseases, prolonging life and promoting health, through the organised efforts of society”

Question 3

Who is responsible for public health ?

Answer 3

Coordinated efforts between:

-All sectors of the society
-Department of Health
-Stakeholders
-Government
-Private sector
-Non-government organisations
-International organisations
-community

Question 4

According to WHO, Health is a state of …

Answer 4

/ Physical
/ Social
/ Mental
/ Wellbeing
X mere absence of disease
X mere absence of infirmary

Question 5

What is health promotion ?

Answer 5

“Process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health”

• give enough info to make sure a patient looks after them selves e.g. advise, mentoring etc.

Question 6

What are the 2 health determinants?

Answer 6

1) Person centred care
2) Holistic approaches (need to take everything into consideration)

Question 7

What are the THREE complex interactions ?

Answer 7

1) Individual
2) Lifestyles and behaviour
3) Physical, social and economic environment

Question 8

What are the THREE main ways public health is achieved ?

Answer 8

3Ps:
P - PROTECTION (PPE during Covid)
P - PREVENTION (Vaccinations such as Covid vaccine, screening e.g. cervical screening)
P - PROMOTION (promoting healthy lifestyle e.g. exercise and healthy diet)

Question 9

What is needed to achieve the 3Ps ?

Answer 9

• Governance =. (Ensuring systems are in place e.g. SOPs)
• Advocacy = (Encouraging people to do things e.g. have flu vaccine)
• Capacity = (Right amount of staff and space available)
• Resources = (money and resources available so these can be achieved)
• Information = (promotion of health)

Question 10

What is the Ottawa Charter ?

Answer 10

In November 1986, International Conference aimed at health for All by 2000

• provided goals and concepts of health promotion (5 action areas and 3 strategies)

Question 11

What are the 5 action areas of “The Ottawa Charter” ?

Answer 11

1) Protect health, enable healthy choices (Build health public policy)

2) Healthy choices related to where people live, work, learn and play (create supportive environments)

3) Community efforts to improve health and addressing health inequality (strengthen community action)

4) Information, education and life (reorient health services)

5) Skills to make good healthy choices (develop personal skills)

Question 12

What are the 3 strategies of “the Ottawa Charter” ?

Answer 12

1) ADVOCATE: systems in place
2) MEDIATE : individuals and organisations
3) ENABLE : work in partnerships and empower individuals