Public Health Flashcards
What is a positive predictive value?
The probability that patients with a positive screening test will actually have the disease
What is a negative predictive value?
The probability that patients with a negative screening test really do not have the disease
What is primary prevention of risks?
Preventing disease or injury before it ever occurs
What is secondary prevention of risks?
Reduction of the impact of a disease that has already occurred
What is tertiary prevention of risks?
Softening the impact of an ongoing illness that has lasting effects
What is the sensitivity of a test?
How often a test correctly generates a positive result for people who have the condition that is being tested for
What is the specificity of a test?
A test’s ability to correctly generate a negative result for people who don’t have the condition
What is incidence?
The number of new cases present/number of people exposed (per 1000)
What is prevalence?
The number of total cases present/number of people at risk (per 1000)
What are the levels of evidence?
- Systematic reviews
- Randomised controlled trials
- Cohort studies
- Case controlled studies
- Case series, case reports
- Editorials, expert opinion
What is a systematic review?
A review of evidence on a question, that uses systematic and explicit methods to identify, select and critically appraise relevant primary research
What is mortality rate?
The number of deaths/population at risk x 100
