PTB lecture 2

Question 1

systemic action

Answer 1

API reaches its site of action via the blood stream

Question 2

local action

Answer 2

API is administered at the site where it should act. (eg; skin irritation . zalfje)

Question 3

acute

Answer 3

rapid effect

Question 4

chronic

Answer 4

effect must last for a long time (continuously using medicine)

Question 5

biopharmaceutics

Answer 5

studies and describes the fate of an API in the body from the time of administration to the moment it asserts its effect. and how an API is metabolized and excreted.

Question 6

first-pass effect

Answer 6

a drug gets metabolized at a specific location in the body that results in a reduced concentration of the active drug upon reaching its site of action or the systemic circulation

Question 7

efficacy of a medicine influenced by:

Answer 7

API, dosage form, route of administration, ADME (how the body handles it)

Question 8

oral

Answer 8

by mouth

Question 9

rectal

Answer 9

by anus

Question 10

parental

Answer 10

by injection

Question 11

API is a weak base: drug should be uncharged at…

Answer 11

2 pH units above pKa

Question 12

API is a weak acid: drug should be uncharged at…

Answer 12

2 pH units below pKa

Question 13

mixture

Answer 13

solution

Question 14

suspension

Answer 14

dispersion of particle in aqueous liquid (vehicle) > shake before use

Question 15

Emulsion

Answer 15

dispersion of fat droplets in aqueous liquids

Question 16

composition of oral liquids

Answer 16

API, solvent, excipients

Question 17

Hydrophilic cream

Answer 17

continuos phase = aqueous phase, o/w emulsion

Question 18

Hydrophobic cream

Answer 18

continuos phase = lipophilic phase, w/o emulsion

Question 19

Auricular drug delivery

Answer 19

via the ear

Question 20

ocular drug delivery

Answer 20

via the eye

Question 21

lacrimation

Answer 21

drug washes out of eye (tearing)