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PTA - Therapeutic Procedures > PTA145-Unit3-Light > Flashcards

PTA145-Unit3-Light Flashcards

1
Q

define UV

A

Hot Quartz
• Contains argon gas and liquid mercury
• Electric current heats the gas and vaporizes the mercury (Use good ventilation)
• Produces some heat but is not therapeutic (means doesn’t heat tissue)
• Emission is combination ABC
Cold Quartz
• Same as Hot Quartz, but lower temperature
• 90% of the emission is UVC

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2
Q

define Infrared

A
  • Dry, Superficial heating agent
  • Radiant/radiation
  • High frequency modality
  • Energy is absorbed by non- reflective surface
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3
Q

define LASER

A
  • Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
  • Lasers consist of highly organized light (photons) that elicits physiological events in the tissues.
  • Cold laser / Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) does not normally cause tissue destruction
  • A modality that utilizes red and/or infrared to relieve pain or accelerate healing or decrease inflammation
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4
Q

What is the wavelength range for UltraViolet?

A

180 nm to 400 nm

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5
Q

What is the wavelength range for Infrared?

A

Greater than 780 nm
• Near: 780 nm to 1500 nm
• Far: 1500 nm to 12,500 nm

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6
Q

What is the wavelength range for therapeutic LASER?

A
  • Between 650 and 1200 nm
  • visible, infrared
  • Wavelength determines the color of the light
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7
Q

compare UV to visible light

A
  • Below the lower limits of visible

* Undetectable by human eye

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8
Q

compare Infrared to visible light

A
  • Beyond upper limits of visible light

* Undetectable by human eye

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9
Q

compare therapeutic LASER to visible light

A
  • HeNe is 632.8 nm, visible
  • GaAs is 904-910 nm, invisible
  • GaAlAs is 830 nm, invisible
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10
Q

3 types of beams: UV

A

(3 bands)
• UVA – 320 to 400 nm
• UVB – 290 to 320 nm
• UVC – 180 to 290 nm

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11
Q

2 types of beams: Infrared

A
  • Luminous/Near

- Non-luminous/Far

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12
Q

describe Near Infrared

A
  • Luminous / Near
  • Visible light is emitted and some reflected of the skin
  • Greater depth of penetration 5-10 mm
  • Intensity determined by wattage of device
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13
Q

describe Far Infrared

A
  • Non-luminous / Far
  • Glow is emitted from metal coils
  • Less penetration – 2 mm
  • Skin feels warmer to touch
  • Intensity determined by wattage of device
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14
Q

3 elements of beam: LASER

A

Laser light is
• Monochromatic
• Collimated
• Coherent

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15
Q

list 13 indications for UV

A 
•	Wound healing
•	Slow-healing open wounds
•	Pressure sores
•	Treatment of infection
•	Treatment of psoriaris
•	Resolution of dermatitis
•	Folliculitis
•	Acne vulgaris
•	Pityriasis rosea
•	Tineal infections
•	Uremic pruritis
•	Exfoliation
•	Prevent sunburn (prior to sun exposure)
OPEN WOUND AND SKIN HEALINGS
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16
Q

list 3 indications for Infrared

A
  • Subacute or chronic inflammatory conditions
  • Skin infections
  • Peripheral nerve injuries before electrical stimulation
17
Q

list 10 indications for LASER

A
  • Wound healing
  • Fracture healing
  • Musculoskeletal pain
  • Myofascial pain/fibromyalgia
  • Trigger points
  • Inflammatory conditions
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Arthritis
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
18
Q

list 13 contraindications for UV

A
  • Liver or kidney disease
  • Certain cardiovascular disease
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Tuberculosis
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Lupus
  • Herpes simplex I and II
  • Albinism
  • Porphyria
  • Fever
  • Patients receiving x-ray therapy
  • Patients prone to sunburn or sensitive to sunlight exposure
  • Certain birth control pills
19
Q

list 6 contraindications for Infrared

A
  • Acute inflammatory conditions
  • Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
  • Areas with sensory loss
  • Over areas of scars
  • Sunburns
  • Sleeping or unconscious patient
20
Q

list 7 contraindications for LASER

A
  • Application to the eyes
  • Application to the thyroid gland
  • High-intensity application over areas of hemorrhage
  • Over areas of active deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or thrombophlebitis
  • Over cancerous areas
  • Do not apply to the low back or abdomen during pregnancy
  • Do not apply to the testicles
21
Q

list 6 precautions for UV

A
  • Certain medications (e.g., tetracycline, quinolones, and psoralens),
  • disease states (e.g., syphilis, kidney/liver disease, lupus, and alcoholism),
  • foods (e.g., shellfish, strawberries, and eggs) can predispose the patient to sunburns. Identify if the patient has a history of sunburns and check with a physician regarding the history of burns or medications that the patient is taking.
  • Exposure of the eyes to ultraviolet light can cause keratitis and conjunctivitis. Eye protection should always be worn by the patient and the clinician.
  • Overexposure to ultraviolet radiation can result in protein shock.
  • Ultraviolet radiation in the C band increases the risk of skin cancer
22
Q

list 3 precautions for Infrared

A
  • Another modality should be considered if the patient lacks temperature perception
  • The infrared heating element does not cool during the treatment, thus providing a constant level of energy. The unchanging temperature source increases the risk of burns. Check with the patient regularly
  • Do not use on a sleeping or unconscious person
23
Q

list 5 precautions for LASER

A
  • LLLT should not be applied within 6 months of radiation therapy
  • Because of unknown effects, laser should not be applied over unfused epiphyseal plates, or be administered to small children
  • The patient may experience dizziness during the treatment. If this occurs, discontinue the treatment. If the episode recurs, laser therapy should not be applied.
  • Caution should be used with patients who are taking medications that increase sensitivity to light including certain anti histamines, oral contraceptives, NSAIDs, tetracyclines, and anitdepressants.
  • Some tattoo ink may increase the absorption of laser energy
24
Q

treatment durations for UV

A

based on the MED

25
Q

treatment durations for Infrared

A

20-30 minutes

given as needed

26
Q

treatment duration for LASER

A

depends on the type of LASER

27
Q

What is MED?

A

Minimal
Erythemal
Dose
- smallest dose that produces erythema within 1 to 6 hours and disappears within 24hrs

28
Q

What is MED used for?

A

It is used to determine the least amount of UV exposure time.

97
Q

Glasses for laser

A

3b

98
Q

What is the MED for hot UV lamps?

A

It depends.
Must be determined for each patient and is specific for each lamp.
30 in, 32, 36 in.

99
Q

What is the MED for cold UV lamps?

A

they use a standard MED value

but, cold lamps are applied at an intensity of E3 (third degree erythemal dose)

100
Q

What is the injury response when UV is used?

A
  • given sufficient intensity, UV energy activates the inflammatory response and triggers the release of histamine.
  • some evidence suggests that UV light may also stimulate the superficial growth of granulation tissue.
101
Q

name 3 things specific to the UV-C band

A
  • c-band rays kill bateria
  • c-band rays increase epithelization with mimmum erythema formation
  • c-bands rays are NOT used for treating psoriasis
104
Q

tissue penetration of LASER

A

HeNe - 0.8-15mm directly, > 15 mm indirectly
GaAs - 2 cm
GaAlAs - > 2cm

PTA - Therapeutic Procedures (10 decks)

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